Coca production in Colombia

Coca Production in Colombia is a significant part of the Colombian economy and the global illicit drug trade. The cultivation of the coca plant, from which cocaine is derived, has a long history in the country and has had profound socio-economic and political impacts.

History

The cultivation of coca in Colombia dates back to pre-Columbian times, when indigenous peoples used the plant for its stimulant effects. The commercial production of cocaine began in the late 19th century, and by the 20th century, Colombia had become a major player in the international drug trade.

Cultivation

Coca is primarily grown in the Andean region of Colombia, in areas with high rainfall and temperatures. The plant is typically harvested three to four times a year. The leaves are then processed to extract the cocaine alkaloid, a process that involves the use of harmful chemicals such as sulfuric acid and kerosene.

Impact

The coca industry has had a profound impact on Colombia. It has fueled violence and conflict, contributing to the long-running Colombian armed conflict. It has also had significant environmental impacts, as coca cultivation often involves deforestation and the use of harmful pesticides.

Efforts to Combat Coca Production

The Colombian government, with support from the U.S., has implemented various strategies to combat coca production. These have included aerial spraying of coca crops, manual eradication, and alternative development programs. However, these efforts have been met with mixed success and have often been controversial.

See Also

• War on Drugs
• Illegal drug trade in Colombia
• FARC

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Coca production in Colombia

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  Figure 6 Colombian Manual Eradicators Destroying Coca Fields