Solid: Difference between revisions
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File:Selfassembly_Organic_Semiconductor_Trixler_LMU.jpg|Self-assembly Organic Semiconductor | |||
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Latest revision as of 21:13, 23 February 2025
Solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being liquid, gas, and plasma). The molecules in a solid are closely packed together and contain the least amount of kinetic energy. A solid is characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume. Unlike a liquid, a solid object does not flow to take on the shape of its container, nor does it expand to fill the entire volume available to it like a gas does. The atoms in a solid are bound to each other, either in a regular geometric lattice (crystalline solids, which include metals and ordinary ice), or irregularly (an amorphous solid such as common window glass).
Properties[edit]
The defining characteristic of a solid is structural rigidity. In a crystalline solid, the atoms are tightly bound to each other in a regular geometric lattice. An amorphous solid, on the other hand, lacks a defined shape, has a less ordered atomic structure, and can flow slowly.
Types of Solids[edit]
Solids can be classified based on different properties, including their binding forces, patterns of atomic arrangement, and their properties of conductivity.
Crystalline Solids[edit]
Crystalline solids consist of atoms, ions, or molecules arranged in regular, repeating lattices. Examples include salt, diamond, and many metals.
Amorphous Solids[edit]
Amorphous solids have disordered atomic structures. Although they have a definite shape, they lack a clear, repeating pattern across their entire structure. Examples include glass, rubber, and many plastics.
