Biotin deficiency

Biotin deficiency is a rare nutritional disorder which can become serious, even fatal, if allowed to progress untreated. It can occur in people of any age, ethnicity, or gender. It is most common in pregnant women and people who are malnourished or have rapid weight loss.

Causes

Biotin deficiency can be caused by inadequate dietary intake or inheritance of one or more inborn genetic disorders that affect biotin metabolism. Subclinical deficiency can cause mild symptoms, such as hair thinning or skin rash typically on the face.

Symptoms

Neurological symptoms in adults have been described as related to biotin deficiency, including fatigue, depression, and tingling of the extremities. The deficiency can also lead to anemia, conjunctivitis, and increased susceptibility to fungal infections and bacterial infections.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of biotin deficiency is usually confirmed with a urine or blood test, as the amount of biotin in the body is difficult to measure. A physician may also look for symptoms such as skin rash, hair loss, or neurological symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment typically involves supplementation of biotin, which can reverse the deficiency if given promptly. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.

See also

• Vitamin B7
• Nutritional deficiency
• Malnutrition

References

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