Merkel cell polyomavirus

Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is a member of the Polyomaviridae family of viruses, first identified in 2008. It is known to be a significant factor in the development of Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare and aggressive form of skin cancer.

Discovery

Merkel cell polyomavirus was discovered by scientists at the University of Pittsburgh in 2008. The team, led by Dr. Patrick S. Moore and Dr. Yuan Chang, identified the virus in samples of Merkel cell carcinoma, leading to the hypothesis that MCPyV may play a role in the development of this cancer.

Characteristics

MCPyV is a small, non-enveloped virus with a circular, double-stranded DNA genome. Like other polyomaviruses, it is capable of causing both productive, lytic infections and non-productive, latent infections. The virus is believed to be widespread in the human population, with seroprevalence studies indicating that most adults have been exposed to the virus.

Association with Merkel cell carcinoma

MCPyV is found in approximately 80% of Merkel cell carcinoma cases. The virus is believed to contribute to the development of this cancer through the integration of its genome into the host cell's DNA, leading to the expression of viral oncoproteins that interfere with the cell's normal growth control mechanisms.

Prevention and treatment

There is currently no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for MCPyV. Prevention strategies focus on reducing the risk of Merkel cell carcinoma, which includes avoiding excessive sun exposure and practicing good skin care. Treatment for MCPyV-associated Merkel cell carcinoma typically involves surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy.

See also

• Polyomavirus
• Merkel cell carcinoma
• Oncovirus

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  Phylogenetic tree of polyomaviruses
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  Electron micrograph of Merkel cell polyomavirus-like particles
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  Genomic structure of Merkel cell polyomavirus