Ganglion

Ganglion is a type of noncancerous lump, often on the tendons or joints of wrists and hands. It is also known as a synovial cyst or a Gideon's Disease.

Overview

A ganglion is a small, harmless cyst, or sac of fluid, that sometimes develops in the wrist. These cysts are not cancerous and will not spread to other areas. They can occur at any age, but are most common in young to middle-aged adults. Women are more likely to be affected than men.

Causes

The exact cause of ganglions is unknown, but they can form in response to irritation or trauma. They are linked to degenerative changes in the synovium that produces the fluid that lubricates your joints and tendons.

Symptoms

Ganglions can be soft or hard, and they are usually round or oval. They can range in size from a pea to a golf ball. Ganglions are usually painless, but if one presses on a nerve it can cause pain, tingling, numbness, or muscle weakness.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a ganglion typically involves a physical examination and possibly an ultrasound or MRI. During the physical examination, the doctor may apply pressure to the cyst to test for tenderness or discomfort.

Treatment

Treatment for a ganglion usually involves observation, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspiration or surgery. However, ganglions often disappear spontaneously and no treatment is necessary unless they cause discomfort or pain.

See also

• Cyst
• Tendon
• Joint
• Synovium

References

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  High magnification image of a ganglion
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  Dorsal root ganglion of a chicken embryo at day 7