Urocystis agropyri

A fungal disease affecting wheat crops

Urocystis agropyri is a fungal pathogen that causes flag smut in wheat. This disease is significant in agriculture due to its impact on wheat yield and quality.

Description

Urocystis agropyri is a member of the Urocystidaceae family, characterized by its production of dark, powdery spores. The fungus primarily infects wheat plants, leading to the development of smut sori on leaves and stems.

Disease cycle

The life cycle of Urocystis agropyri begins with the germination of teliospores in the soil. These spores produce basidiospores, which infect young wheat seedlings. The fungus grows systemically within the plant, eventually forming sori that release new teliospores, completing the cycle. The image "Disease_Cycle_of_Flag_Smut_in_Wheat.png" illustrates this process.

Symptoms

Infected wheat plants exhibit stunted growth and the presence of black streaks on leaves and stems. These streaks are the result of the development of smut sori, which contain masses of dark spores. As the disease progresses, the sori rupture, releasing spores that can infect other plants.

Impact

Flag smut can lead to significant yield losses in wheat crops. The disease reduces the photosynthetic area of leaves, weakens stems, and can cause premature plant death. In severe cases, entire fields may be affected, leading to economic losses for farmers.

Management

Management of flag smut involves the use of resistant wheat varieties, crop rotation, and seed treatments with fungicides. Cultural practices such as deep plowing can help bury spores, reducing their viability. Monitoring and early detection are crucial for effective control.

Related pages

• Wheat diseases
• Fungal plant pathogens

References

• Agrios, G. N. (2005). Plant Pathology. Elsevier Academic Press.
• Mathre, D. E. (1997). Compendium of Wheat Diseases. APS Press.

• File:Disease Cycle of Flag Smut in Wheat.png