Sustentacular cell

Sustentacular cells are specialized cells that are found in the olfactory epithelium and the adrenal gland. They play a crucial role in the functioning of these organs and are essential for maintaining their structural integrity.

Function

In the olfactory epithelium, sustentacular cells provide physical support and nourishment to the olfactory receptor neurons. They also help in detoxification processes and in maintaining the ionic balance in the olfactory epithelium.

In the adrenal gland, sustentacular cells are found in the adrenal medulla where they support the chromaffin cells. They are involved in the production and secretion of catecholamines, including adrenaline and noradrenaline.

Structure

Sustentacular cells are columnar or cylindrical in shape and have a large, oval nucleus. They are connected to each other by tight junctions which help in maintaining the structural integrity of the tissue.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in sustentacular cells can lead to various medical conditions. For example, a tumor of the sustentacular cells in the adrenal gland, known as a pheochromocytoma, can cause high blood pressure and other symptoms.

See also

• Olfactory epithelium
• Adrenal gland
• Pheochromocytoma

References

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