Delta-sleep-inducing peptide: Difference between revisions

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'''Delta-sleep-inducing peptide''' ('''DSIP''') is a neuropeptide that induces sleep. It was first discovered in 1974 by the Swiss Schoenenberger-Monnier group who isolated it from the cerebral venous blood of rabbits in an induced state of sleep. It is a nonapeptide, a peptide composed of nine amino acids, with the sequence Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu.
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Delta-sleep-inducing peptide}}


== Function ==
== Delta-sleep-inducing peptide ==
[[File:DSIP_Structure.svg|thumb|right|Chemical structure of Delta-sleep-inducing peptide]]


DSIP is an amphiphilic peptide of molecular weight 850 daltons with the amino acid motif: N-Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu-C. It has been found in both free and bound forms in the hypothalamus, limbic system and pituitary as well as various peripheral organs, tissues and body fluids. In the pituitary it co-localises with many peptide and non-peptide mediators such as corticotropin-like intermediate peptide (CLIP), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and melanin concentrating hormone (MCH). It is abundant in the gut secretory cells and in the pancreas where it co-localises with glucagon.
'''Delta-sleep-inducing peptide''' ('''DSIP''') is a [[neuropeptide]] that has been associated with sleep regulation and various physiological functions. It was first isolated in 1977 from the [[cerebrospinal fluid]] of rabbits. DSIP is a nonapeptide with the amino acid sequence [[Trp]]-[[Ala]]-[[Gly]]-[[Gly]]-[[Asp]]-[[Ala]]-[[Ser]]-[[Gly]]-[[Glu]].


In the brain its action may be mediated by NMDA receptors. In another study Delta sleep-inducing peptide stimulated Acetyltransferase activity through α1 receptors in rats. It is unknown where DSIP is synthesized.
== Structure and Properties ==
DSIP is a small peptide consisting of nine [[amino acids]]. Its structure is characterized by a sequence that allows it to interact with various [[receptor]]s in the [[central nervous system]]. The peptide is known for its ability to cross the [[blood-brain barrier]], which is crucial for its function in modulating sleep.


== Clinical significance ==
== Function ==
DSIP is primarily known for its role in promoting [[sleep]], particularly [[slow-wave sleep]] or delta sleep. It is believed to influence the [[sleep-wake cycle]] by interacting with [[neurotransmitter]] systems, including the [[serotonin]]ergic and [[GABA]]ergic systems. In addition to its sleep-inducing properties, DSIP has been implicated in the regulation of [[endocrine]] functions, [[pain]] perception, and [[stress]] response.


In addition to sleep, DSIP has been shown to exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-stress, hypothermic and other effects. It has been shown to enhance slow-wave sleep in humans and other animals. It has been tested for its use in the treatment of withdrawal symptoms in alcohol abuse, and is also used in a preparation to aid in childbirth.
== Mechanism of Action ==
The exact mechanism by which DSIP induces sleep is not fully understood. However, it is thought to modulate the activity of [[hypothalamic]] and [[pituitary]] hormones, influencing the release of [[corticotropin]] and [[growth hormone]]. DSIP may also interact with [[opiate]] receptors, contributing to its analgesic effects.


== See also ==
== Clinical Significance ==
Research into DSIP has explored its potential therapeutic applications in treating [[insomnia]], [[chronic pain]], and [[depression]]. However, clinical use is limited, and more studies are needed to fully understand its efficacy and safety.
 
== Related Pages ==
* [[Neuropeptide]]
* [[Neuropeptide]]
* [[Sleep]]
* [[Sleep]]
* [[Hypothalamus]]
* [[Blood-brain barrier]]
* [[Pituitary gland]]
* [[Endocrine system]]
* [[NMDA receptor]]
* [[Acetyltransferase]]
 
== References ==
<references />
 
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[[Category:Neuropeptides]]
[[Category:Neuropeptides]]
[[Category:Sleep]]
[[Category:Sleep physiology]]
[[Category:Hypothalamus]]
[[Category:Pituitary gland]]
[[Category:NMDA receptor]]
[[Category:Acetyltransferase]]

Latest revision as of 06:37, 16 February 2025


Delta-sleep-inducing peptide[edit]

Chemical structure of Delta-sleep-inducing peptide

Delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) is a neuropeptide that has been associated with sleep regulation and various physiological functions. It was first isolated in 1977 from the cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits. DSIP is a nonapeptide with the amino acid sequence Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu.

Structure and Properties[edit]

DSIP is a small peptide consisting of nine amino acids. Its structure is characterized by a sequence that allows it to interact with various receptors in the central nervous system. The peptide is known for its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, which is crucial for its function in modulating sleep.

Function[edit]

DSIP is primarily known for its role in promoting sleep, particularly slow-wave sleep or delta sleep. It is believed to influence the sleep-wake cycle by interacting with neurotransmitter systems, including the serotoninergic and GABAergic systems. In addition to its sleep-inducing properties, DSIP has been implicated in the regulation of endocrine functions, pain perception, and stress response.

Mechanism of Action[edit]

The exact mechanism by which DSIP induces sleep is not fully understood. However, it is thought to modulate the activity of hypothalamic and pituitary hormones, influencing the release of corticotropin and growth hormone. DSIP may also interact with opiate receptors, contributing to its analgesic effects.

Clinical Significance[edit]

Research into DSIP has explored its potential therapeutic applications in treating insomnia, chronic pain, and depression. However, clinical use is limited, and more studies are needed to fully understand its efficacy and safety.

Related Pages[edit]