Fomivirsen: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:09, 15 February 2025

Fomivirsen[edit]

Fomivirsen is an antisense oligonucleotide used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It was the first antisense drug to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1998.

Mechanism of Action[edit]

Fomivirsen is designed to bind to the mRNA of the cytomegalovirus (CMV), thereby inhibiting the translation of viral proteins necessary for the virus to replicate. By targeting the mRNA, fomivirsen prevents the synthesis of proteins that are essential for the virus's life cycle, effectively reducing the viral load in the retina.

Administration[edit]

Fomivirsen is administered via intravitreal injection, which involves injecting the drug directly into the vitreous humor of the eye. This method of administration allows for high concentrations of the drug to be delivered directly to the site of infection, minimizing systemic exposure and potential side effects.

Clinical Use[edit]

Fomivirsen is specifically indicated for the treatment of CMV retinitis in patients with AIDS, particularly in cases where other treatments have failed or are not tolerated. CMV retinitis is a serious condition that can lead to blindness if not treated effectively.

Side Effects[edit]

Common side effects of fomivirsen include ocular inflammation, increased intraocular pressure, and retinal detachment. Patients receiving fomivirsen should be monitored closely for these adverse effects.

Discontinuation[edit]

With the advent of more effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV/AIDS, the incidence of CMV retinitis has decreased significantly. As a result, the use of fomivirsen has declined, and it is no longer widely available.

Related Pages[edit]

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-'''Fomivirsen''' is an [[antiviral drug]] that was approved by the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] in 1998 for the treatment of [[cytomegalovirus retinitis|CMV retinitis]]. It is the first [[antisense]] drug to be approved for use in humans.
+== Fomivirsen ==
+[[File:Fomivirsen_composite.png|thumb|right|Chemical structure of Fomivirsen]]
+'''Fomivirsen''' is an [[antisense oligonucleotide]] used in the treatment of [[cytomegalovirus retinitis]] in patients with [[acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]] (AIDS). It was the first antisense drug to be approved by the [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) in 1998.
 == Mechanism of Action ==
-Fomivirsen works by blocking the replication of [[cytomegalovirus|CMV]] in the body. It is an antisense [[oligonucleotide]], a type of drug that works by binding to the [[messenger RNA|mRNA]] of the virus and preventing it from being translated into protein. This stops the virus from replicating and spreading in the body.
-== Uses ==
+Fomivirsen is designed to bind to the [[mRNA]] of the [[cytomegalovirus]] (CMV), thereby inhibiting the translation of viral proteins necessary for the virus to replicate. By targeting the mRNA, fomivirsen prevents the synthesis of proteins that are essential for the virus's life cycle, effectively reducing the viral load in the [[retina]].
-Fomivirsen is used to treat CMV retinitis in patients with [[AIDS]]. CMV retinitis is a serious infection of the retina that can lead to blindness. It is often seen in patients with advanced AIDS who have a weakened [[immune system]].
+== Administration ==
+Fomivirsen is administered via intravitreal injection, which involves injecting the drug directly into the [[vitreous humor]] of the eye. This method of administration allows for high concentrations of the drug to be delivered directly to the site of infection, minimizing systemic exposure and potential side effects.
+== Clinical Use ==
+Fomivirsen is specifically indicated for the treatment of CMV retinitis in patients with AIDS, particularly in cases where other treatments have failed or are not tolerated. CMV retinitis is a serious condition that can lead to blindness if not treated effectively.
 == Side Effects ==
-Common side effects of fomivirsen include [[eye inflammation]], increased intraocular pressure, and blurred vision. Less common side effects can include [[retinal detachment]], eye pain, and decreased visual acuity.
-== Administration ==
+Common side effects of fomivirsen include [[ocular inflammation]], increased [[intraocular pressure]], and [[retinal detachment]]. Patients receiving fomivirsen should be monitored closely for these adverse effects.
-Fomivirsen is administered by [[intravitreal injection]], which involves injecting the drug directly into the vitreous humor of the eye. This allows the drug to reach the retina, where the CMV infection is located.
+== Discontinuation ==
+With the advent of more effective [[antiretroviral therapy]] (ART) for HIV/AIDS, the incidence of CMV retinitis has decreased significantly. As a result, the use of fomivirsen has declined, and it is no longer widely available.
+== Related Pages ==
-== History ==
+* [[Cytomegalovirus]]
-Fomivirsen was developed by [[Isis Pharmaceuticals]], and was the first antisense drug to be approved by the FDA. It was approved for use in 1998, but was later discontinued in 2002 due to a decrease in the incidence of CMV retinitis following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy ([[HAART]]) for AIDS.
+* [[Antisense therapy]]
+* [[Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]]
+* [[Intravitreal injection]]
 [[Category:Antiviral drugs]]
 [[Category:Ophthalmology]]
-[[Category:Medicine]]
+[[Category:Antisense therapy]]
-{{medicine-stub}}