Polatuzumab vedotin: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 11:53, 15 February 2025

Overview[edit]

Polatuzumab vedotin is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, specifically B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is an example of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), which combines the targeting capabilities of a monoclonal antibody with the cancer-killing ability of a cytotoxic drug.

Mechanism of Action[edit]

Polatuzumab vedotin targets the CD79b protein, which is expressed on the surface of B-cells. The monoclonal antibody component of polatuzumab vedotin binds to CD79b, allowing the ADC to deliver its cytotoxic payload directly to the cancerous B-cells. The cytotoxic agent in polatuzumab vedotin is monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), a potent inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, which leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of the targeted cells.

Clinical Use[edit]

Polatuzumab vedotin is primarily used in the treatment of relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), often in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents such as bendamustine and rituximab. It is administered intravenously and is typically reserved for patients who have not responded to other treatments.

Side Effects[edit]

Common side effects of polatuzumab vedotin include peripheral neuropathy, fatigue, nausea, and diarrhea. More serious adverse effects can include neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. Patients receiving polatuzumab vedotin require regular monitoring of blood counts and neurological status.

Development and Approval[edit]

Polatuzumab vedotin was developed by Genentech, a member of the Roche Group. It received accelerated approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2019 for use in combination with bendamustine and rituximab for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL.

Related Pages[edit]

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-'''Polatuzumab vedotin''' is a [[monoclonal antibody]]-drug conjugate designed for the treatment of [[cancer]], specifically targeting [[B-cell lymphoma]]. It represents a significant advancement in the therapeutic options available for patients with certain types of lymphoma, combining the specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the potent cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy drugs.
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:Polatuzumab vedotin}}
+== Overview ==
+[[File:Vedotin_ADCs.svg|thumb|right|Diagram of Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) like Polatuzumab vedotin]]
+'''Polatuzumab vedotin''' is a [[monoclonal antibody]] used in the treatment of certain types of [[cancer]], specifically [[B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]. It is an example of an [[antibody-drug conjugate]] (ADC), which combines the targeting capabilities of a monoclonal antibody with the cancer-killing ability of a cytotoxic drug.
 == Mechanism of Action ==
-Polatuzumab vedotin consists of a monoclonal antibody that targets [[CD79b]], a protein expressed on the surface of B cells, linked to a cytotoxic agent, [[monomethyl auristatin E]] (MMAE). Upon binding to CD79b on the B-cell surface, polatuzumab vedotin is internalized, and the MMAE is released inside the cell. MMAE then binds to [[microtubules]], disrupting the cellular [[mitotic spindle]], which inhibits cell division and leads to cell death.
+Polatuzumab vedotin targets the [[CD79b]] protein, which is expressed on the surface of B-cells. The monoclonal antibody component of polatuzumab vedotin binds to CD79b, allowing the ADC to deliver its cytotoxic payload directly to the cancerous B-cells. The cytotoxic agent in polatuzumab vedotin is [[monomethyl auristatin E]] (MMAE), a potent inhibitor of [[microtubule]] polymerization, which leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of the targeted cells.
-== Clinical Uses ==
+== Clinical Use ==
-Polatuzumab vedotin has been approved for use in combination with other drugs for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory [[diffuse large B-cell lymphoma]] (DLBCL), not otherwise specified, including DLBCL arising from [[follicular lymphoma]], after two or more lines of systemic therapy. This approval was based on the results of clinical trials that demonstrated a significant improvement in survival rates and response rates compared to traditional chemotherapy regimens.
+Polatuzumab vedotin is primarily used in the treatment of relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), often in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents such as [[bendamustine]] and [[rituximab]]. It is administered intravenously and is typically reserved for patients who have not responded to other treatments.
 == Side Effects ==
-The use of polatuzumab vedotin is associated with several potential side effects, which can range from mild to severe. Common side effects include [[neutropenia]], [[anemia]], [[thrombocytopenia]], fatigue, [[neuropathy]], and [[febrile neutropenia]]. Due to the risk of serious adverse reactions, patients receiving polatuzumab vedotin should be closely monitored for signs of infection, blood cell count decreases, and neurological symptoms.
+Common side effects of polatuzumab vedotin include [[peripheral neuropathy]], [[fatigue]], [[nausea]], and [[diarrhea]]. More serious adverse effects can include [[neutropenia]], [[thrombocytopenia]], and [[anemia]]. Patients receiving polatuzumab vedotin require regular monitoring of blood counts and neurological status.
 == Development and Approval ==
-Polatuzumab vedotin was developed through a collaboration between Genentech, a member of the Roche Group, and Seattle Genetics. It received [[Breakthrough Therapy Designation]] from the [[U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL, leading to its accelerated approval. The approval was a significant milestone in the development of targeted therapies for lymphoma, offering hope to patients with limited treatment options.
+Polatuzumab vedotin was developed by [[Genentech]], a member of the [[Roche Group]]. It received accelerated approval from the [[U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) in 2019 for use in combination with bendamustine and rituximab for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL.
-== Future Directions ==
+== Related Pages ==
-Research is ongoing to explore the potential of polatuzumab vedotin in other types of B-cell lymphomas and in combination with other therapeutic agents. Clinical trials are currently evaluating its efficacy and safety in various settings, with the aim of expanding its indications and improving patient outcomes.
+* [[Monoclonal antibody therapy]]
+* [[Antibody-drug conjugate]]
+* [[Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma]]
+* [[Cancer treatment]]
+[[Category:Monoclonal antibodies]]
+[[Category:Antibody-drug conjugates]]
 [[Category:Cancer treatments]]
-[[Category:Monoclonal antibodies]]
-[[Category:Chemotherapy]]
-{{Medicine-stub}}