Cepharanthine: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox drug
== Cepharanthine ==
| drug_name =  
| IUPAC_name        =
| image            = Cepharanthine-.png
| alt              =  
| caption          =  


<!-- Clinical data -->
[[File:Cepharanthine-.png|thumb|right|Chemical structure of Cepharanthine]]
| tradename        =
| Drugs.com        = {{Drugs.com|international|cepharanthine}}
| MedlinePlus      =
| pregnancy_AU      = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_US      = <!-- A / B            / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_category=
| legal_AU = <!-- S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled-->
| legal_CA = <!-- OTC, Rx-only, Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL, P, POM, CD, CD Lic, CD POM, CD No Reg POM, CD (Benz) POM, CD (Anab) POM or CD Inv POM -->
| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V -->
| legal_status      =
| routes_of_administration =


<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->
'''Cepharanthine''' is a naturally occurring [[biscoclaurine]] alkaloid derived from the plant ''[[Stephania cepharantha]]''. It has been studied for its potential therapeutic effects in various medical conditions, including its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor properties.
| bioavailability  =
| protein_bound    =
| metabolism        =
| elimination_half-life =
| excretion        =


<!-- Identifiers -->
== Chemical Properties ==
| CAS_number        =  
| ATCvet            =  
| ATC_prefix        = none
| ATC_suffix        =  
| PubChem          = 10206
| ChEMBL = 449782
| ChemSpiderID      = 9791
| DrugBank          =
| synonyms          = Cepharantin, O-Methylcepharanoline


<!-- Chemical data -->
Cepharanthine is characterized by its complex [[alkaloid]] structure, which includes multiple [[benzylisoquinoline]] units. The chemical formula of cepharanthine is C37H38N2O6, and it is known for its ability to interact with cellular membranes, influencing various biological processes.
| C = 37 | H = 38 | N = 2 | O = 6
| molecular_weight  = 606.70742 g/mol
| smiles            = CN1CCC2=CC3=C(C4=C2[C@@H]1CC5=CC=C(C=C5)OC6=C(C=CC(=C6)C[C@@H]7C8=CC(=C(C=C8CCN7C)OC)O4)OC)OCO3
| StdInChI          = 1S/C37H38N2O6/c1-38-13-11-24-18-31(41-4)33-20-27(24)28(38)16-23-7-10-30(40-3)32(17-23)44-26-8-5-22(6-9-26)15-29-35-25(12-14-39(29)2)19-34-36(37(35)45-33)43-21-42-34/h5-10,17-20,28-29H,11-16,21H2,1-4H3/t28-,29+/m1/s1
| StdInChIKey      = YVPXVXANRNDGTA-WDYNHAJCSA-N
}}


'''Cepharanthine''' is an [[antiinflammatory]] and [[antineoplastic]] compound isolated from ''[[Stephania]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal
== Pharmacological Effects ==
| last1 = Huang | first1 = H.
| last2 = Hu | first2 = G.
| last3 = Wang | first3 = C.
| last4 = Xu | first4 = H.
| last5 = Chen | first5 = X.
| last6 = Qian | first6 = A.
| title = Cepharanthine, an Alkaloid from Stephania cepharantha Hayata, Inhibits the Inflammatory Response in the RAW264.7 Cell and Mouse Models
| doi = 10.1007/s10753-013-9734-8
| journal = Inflammation
| year = 2013
| pmid = 24045962
| pmc = | volume=37 | issue=1 | pages=235–46
}}</ref> Due to these modalities, it has been shown effective against [[HTLV]] in lab research. <ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 22753721 | volume=32 | title=Synergistic inhibition of HTLV-1-infected cell proliferation by combination of cepharanthine and a tetramethylnaphthalene derivative | year=2012 | journal=Anticancer Res. | pages=2639–45 | last1 = Toyama | first1 = M | last2 = Hamasaki | first2 = T | last3 = Uto | first3 = T | last4 = Aoyama | first4 = H | last5 = Okamoto | first5 = M | last6 = Hashmoto | first6 = Y | last7 = Baba | first7 = M}}</ref> Additionally, it has successfully been used to treat a diverse range of medical conditions, including radiation-induced leukopenia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, alopecia areata, alopecia pityrodes, venomous snakebites, xerostomia, sarcoidosis, refractory anemia and various cancer-related conditions. No safety issues have been observed with CEP, and side effects are very rarely reported. <ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 21602589 | volume=63 | title=Therapeutic potential of the biscoclaurine alkaloid, cepharanthine, for a range of clinical conditions | journal=Pharmacol Rep | pages=337-47 | last1 = Rogosnitzky | first1 = M | last2 = Danks | first2 = R}}</ref>


==References==
=== Anti-inflammatory Effects ===
{{reflist}}
Cepharanthine has been shown to exhibit significant anti-inflammatory properties. It works by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulating the activity of [[nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells]] (NF-_B), a protein complex that plays a key role in regulating the immune response to infection.


{{Anti-inflammatory products}}
=== Immunomodulatory Effects ===
Cepharanthine is also known for its immunomodulatory effects. It can enhance the activity of [[macrophages]] and [[natural killer cells]], which are crucial components of the [[innate immune system]]. This makes it a potential candidate for boosting immune responses in various conditions.


[[Category:Alkaloids]]
=== Anti-tumor Activity ===
[[Category:Anti-inflammatory agents]]
Research has indicated that cepharanthine may have anti-tumor properties. It can induce [[apoptosis]] in certain cancer cell lines and inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells. This effect is thought to be mediated through the modulation of [[cell cycle]] regulatory proteins and the induction of [[oxidative stress]] in cancer cells.
 
== Clinical Applications ==
 
Cepharanthine has been explored for its potential use in treating a variety of conditions, including [[cancer]], [[inflammatory diseases]], and [[viral infections]]. However, its clinical use is still under investigation, and more research is needed to fully understand its efficacy and safety profile.


== Related Pages ==
* [[Alkaloid]]
* [[Stephania cepharantha]]
* [[Anti-inflammatory]]
* [[Immunomodulation]]
* [[Cancer therapy]]


{{musculoskeletal-drug-stub}}
[[Category:Alkaloids]]
{{antineoplastic-drug-stub}}
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
{{dictionary-stub1}}
[[Category:Medicinal chemistry]]

Latest revision as of 11:01, 15 February 2025

Cepharanthine[edit]

Chemical structure of Cepharanthine

Cepharanthine is a naturally occurring biscoclaurine alkaloid derived from the plant Stephania cepharantha. It has been studied for its potential therapeutic effects in various medical conditions, including its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor properties.

Chemical Properties[edit]

Cepharanthine is characterized by its complex alkaloid structure, which includes multiple benzylisoquinoline units. The chemical formula of cepharanthine is C37H38N2O6, and it is known for its ability to interact with cellular membranes, influencing various biological processes.

Pharmacological Effects[edit]

Anti-inflammatory Effects[edit]

Cepharanthine has been shown to exhibit significant anti-inflammatory properties. It works by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulating the activity of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-_B), a protein complex that plays a key role in regulating the immune response to infection.

Immunomodulatory Effects[edit]

Cepharanthine is also known for its immunomodulatory effects. It can enhance the activity of macrophages and natural killer cells, which are crucial components of the innate immune system. This makes it a potential candidate for boosting immune responses in various conditions.

Anti-tumor Activity[edit]

Research has indicated that cepharanthine may have anti-tumor properties. It can induce apoptosis in certain cancer cell lines and inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells. This effect is thought to be mediated through the modulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins and the induction of oxidative stress in cancer cells.

Clinical Applications[edit]

Cepharanthine has been explored for its potential use in treating a variety of conditions, including cancer, inflammatory diseases, and viral infections. However, its clinical use is still under investigation, and more research is needed to fully understand its efficacy and safety profile.

Related Pages[edit]

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