Terson syndrome: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 10:48, 15 February 2025

Terson Syndrome

Terson syndrome is a medical condition characterized by the occurrence of vitreous hemorrhage in association with subarachnoid hemorrhage or intracranial hemorrhage. It is named after the French ophthalmologist Albert Terson, who first described the condition in 1900.

Pathophysiology

Terson syndrome occurs when there is a sudden increase in intracranial pressure due to bleeding in the brain, such as a subarachnoid hemorrhage. This increased pressure can lead to rupture of small blood vessels in the eye, resulting in hemorrhage into the vitreous body, the clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina.

Clinical Presentation

Patients with Terson syndrome may present with sudden loss of vision or visual disturbances. The severity of visual impairment depends on the extent of the hemorrhage. In some cases, the hemorrhage may resolve spontaneously, but in others, surgical intervention may be required to clear the blood from the vitreous cavity.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of Terson syndrome is typically made based on clinical examination and imaging studies. An ophthalmologist may use ophthalmoscopy to visualize the vitreous hemorrhage. CT scan or MRI of the brain may be performed to identify the underlying cause of the increased intracranial pressure.

Treatment

Treatment of Terson syndrome focuses on managing the underlying cause of the intracranial hemorrhage and addressing the vitreous hemorrhage. In cases where the vitreous hemorrhage does not resolve on its own, a surgical procedure called vitrectomy may be performed to remove the blood and restore vision.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with Terson syndrome varies depending on the severity of the intracranial hemorrhage and the extent of the vitreous hemorrhage. Early diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cause are crucial for improving outcomes.

Related Pages

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-'''Suzuki frame''' is a medical term referring to a type of external fixation device used in orthopedic surgery. It is named after the Japanese orthopedic surgeon who developed it, Dr. Kuniyoshi Suzuki. The Suzuki frame is primarily used for the treatment of fractures and deformities in the lower extremities, particularly the tibia and fibula.
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:Terson syndrome}}
-== Design and Function ==
+== Terson Syndrome ==
+[[File:Eyesection.svg|thumb|right|Diagram of the eye showing potential sites of hemorrhage in Terson syndrome.]]
+'''Terson syndrome''' is a medical condition characterized by the occurrence of [[vitreous hemorrhage]] in association with [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]] or [[intracranial hemorrhage]]. It is named after the French ophthalmologist Albert Terson, who first described the condition in 1900.
-The Suzuki frame is a type of [[Orthopedic external fixation|external fixation]] device. It consists of a series of metal rods and clamps that are attached to the bone through small incisions in the skin. The rods and clamps are adjustable, allowing the surgeon to manipulate the position of the bone fragments in order to achieve optimal alignment and stability.
+== Pathophysiology ==
+Terson syndrome occurs when there is a sudden increase in [[intracranial pressure]] due to bleeding in the brain, such as a subarachnoid hemorrhage. This increased pressure can lead to rupture of small blood vessels in the [[eye]], resulting in hemorrhage into the [[vitreous body]], the clear gel that fills the space between the [[lens]] and the [[retina]].
-The primary function of the Suzuki frame is to stabilize fractures and correct deformities. It does this by providing a rigid structure that holds the bone fragments in place while they heal. The adjustability of the device allows the surgeon to make fine adjustments to the position of the bone fragments as needed during the healing process.
+== Clinical Presentation ==
+Patients with Terson syndrome may present with sudden loss of vision or visual disturbances. The severity of visual impairment depends on the extent of the hemorrhage. In some cases, the hemorrhage may resolve spontaneously, but in others, surgical intervention may be required to clear the blood from the vitreous cavity.
-== Clinical Applications ==
+== Diagnosis ==
+The diagnosis of Terson syndrome is typically made based on clinical examination and imaging studies. An [[ophthalmologist]] may use [[ophthalmoscopy]] to visualize the vitreous hemorrhage. [[CT scan]] or [[MRI]] of the brain may be performed to identify the underlying cause of the increased intracranial pressure.
-The Suzuki frame is used in a variety of clinical applications. It is most commonly used for the treatment of fractures of the tibia and fibula, particularly those that are difficult to treat with internal fixation methods. The Suzuki frame is also used for the correction of deformities in the lower extremities, such as bow legs and knock knees.
+== Treatment ==
+Treatment of Terson syndrome focuses on managing the underlying cause of the intracranial hemorrhage and addressing the vitreous hemorrhage. In cases where the vitreous hemorrhage does not resolve on its own, a surgical procedure called [[vitrectomy]] may be performed to remove the blood and restore vision.
-In addition to its use in orthopedic surgery, the Suzuki frame is also used in [[Physical therapy|physical therapy]] and [[Rehabilitation (medicine)|rehabilitation]]. The device allows for controlled movement of the affected limb, which can help to prevent stiffness and loss of function during the healing process.
+== Prognosis ==
+The prognosis for patients with Terson syndrome varies depending on the severity of the intracranial hemorrhage and the extent of the vitreous hemorrhage. Early diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cause are crucial for improving outcomes.
-== Advantages and Disadvantages ==
+== Related Pages ==
+* [[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
+* [[Intracranial hemorrhage]]
+* [[Vitreous hemorrhage]]
+* [[Ophthalmology]]
-The Suzuki frame has several advantages over other types of external fixation devices. It is less invasive than internal fixation methods, which can reduce the risk of infection and other complications. The adjustability of the device allows for precise control over the position of the bone fragments, which can improve the outcome of the surgery.
+[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
+[[Category:Neurology]]
-However, the Suzuki frame also has some disadvantages. The device is visible and can be uncomfortable for the patient. There is also a risk of pin tract infection, which can occur if the area around the pins becomes infected.
-== See Also ==
-* [[Orthopedic surgery]]
-* [[Fracture]]
-* [[Physical therapy]]
-[[Category:Medical devices]]
-[[Category:Orthopedic surgical procedures]]
-{{stub}}