CARD11: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 04:03, 13 February 2025

CARD11[edit]

CARD11 (Caspase Recruitment Domain Family Member 11) is a protein encoded by the CARD11 gene in humans. It is a member of the caspase recruitment domain (CARD) family of proteins, which are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and immune response. CARD11 plays a crucial role in the activation of NF-_B signaling pathways, which are essential for lymphocyte activation, proliferation, and survival.

Structure[edit]

CARD11 is characterized by the presence of a CARD domain, which is a protein interaction module that mediates the assembly of signaling complexes. The protein also contains a coiled-coil domain, a PDZ domain, and a MAGUK domain, which are important for its function in signal transduction.

Function[edit]

CARD11 is primarily expressed in lymphoid tissue and is a critical component of the B-cell receptor (BCR) and T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathways. Upon antigen recognition, CARD11 undergoes a conformational change that allows it to interact with other signaling molecules, leading to the activation of the IKK complex and subsequent activation of NF-_B.

Clinical Significance[edit]

Mutations in the CARD11 gene have been associated with various immunodeficiency disorders and lymphoproliferative diseases. Gain-of-function mutations can lead to constitutive activation of NF-_B, contributing to the development of B-cell lymphomas. Conversely, loss-of-function mutations can result in impaired immune responses, leading to conditions such as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).

Research[edit]

Ongoing research is focused on understanding the precise molecular mechanisms by which CARD11 regulates NF-_B signaling and its role in immune system disorders. Targeting CARD11 and its associated pathways is being explored as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating certain types of cancer and autoimmune diseases.

Related pages[edit]

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-{{png-image}}
+== CARD11 ==
-CARD11, also known as Caspase Recruitment Domain Family Member 11, is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the CARD11 gene. This [[gene]] plays a crucial role in [[lymphocyte]] activation and the adaptive [[immune system]]. CARD11 is a member of the CARD domain-containing [[membrane-associated guanylate kinase]] (MAGUK) family, which is involved in coordinating responses to various [[intracellular]] signals.
+[[File:CARD11.png|thumb|right|Diagram of CARD11 protein structure]]
+'''CARD11''' (Caspase Recruitment Domain Family Member 11) is a protein encoded by the '''CARD11''' gene in humans. It is a member of the [[caspase recruitment domain]] (CARD) family of proteins, which are involved in the regulation of [[apoptosis]] and [[immune response]]. CARD11 plays a crucial role in the activation of [[NF-_B]] signaling pathways, which are essential for [[lymphocyte]] activation, proliferation, and survival.
+== Structure ==
+CARD11 is characterized by the presence of a CARD domain, which is a protein interaction module that mediates the assembly of signaling complexes. The protein also contains a coiled-coil domain, a [[PDZ domain]], and a [[MAGUK]] domain, which are important for its function in signal transduction.
 == Function ==
-CARD11 functions as a crucial mediator in the [[nuclear factor kappa B]] (NF-κB) signaling pathway, which is essential for [[lymphocyte]] activation, proliferation, and survival. Upon engagement of the T-cell receptor (TCR) or B-cell receptor (BCR), CARD11 interacts with BCL10 and MALT1 to form a complex, leading to the activation of NF-κB. This signaling cascade plays a vital role in the immune response to [[pathogen]]s and in maintaining [[immune system]] homeostasis.
+CARD11 is primarily expressed in [[lymphoid tissue]] and is a critical component of the [[B-cell receptor]] (BCR) and [[T-cell receptor]] (TCR) signaling pathways. Upon antigen recognition, CARD11 undergoes a conformational change that allows it to interact with other signaling molecules, leading to the activation of the [[IKK complex]] and subsequent activation of NF-_B.
 == Clinical Significance ==
-Mutations in the CARD11 gene have been associated with various [[immunodeficiency]] disorders, including severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and B-cell expansion with NF-κB and T-cell anergy (BENTA) disease. These conditions are characterized by impaired immune responses and increased susceptibility to infections. Additionally, aberrant CARD11 signaling has been implicated in the development of certain types of [[cancer]], such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), underscoring its importance in both immune regulation and oncogenesis.
-== Structure ==
+Mutations in the CARD11 gene have been associated with various [[immunodeficiency]] disorders and [[lymphoproliferative disease]]s. Gain-of-function mutations can lead to constitutive activation of NF-_B, contributing to the development of [[B-cell lymphoma]]s. Conversely, loss-of-function mutations can result in impaired immune responses, leading to conditions such as [[severe combined immunodeficiency]] (SCID).
-The CARD11 protein contains several key domains, including a CARD domain, a coiled-coil domain, and a MAGUK domain. These domains facilitate its role as a scaffold protein, mediating interactions between various signaling molecules in the NF-κB pathway.
 == Research ==
-Ongoing research aims to further elucidate the mechanisms by which CARD11 regulates immune responses and to explore potential therapeutic targets within the CARD11 signaling pathway for the treatment of immunodeficiency disorders and cancers.
-[[Category:Genes]]
+Ongoing research is focused on understanding the precise molecular mechanisms by which CARD11 regulates NF-_B signaling and its role in immune system disorders. Targeting CARD11 and its associated pathways is being explored as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating certain types of cancer and autoimmune diseases.
+== Related pages ==
+* [[NF-_B]]
+* [[Apoptosis]]
+* [[B-cell receptor]]
+* [[T-cell receptor]]
+* [[Immunodeficiency]]
+[[Category:Proteins]]
 [[Category:Immune system]]
-[[Category:Proteins]]
-{{medicine-stub}}