Artemisia princeps: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:08, 11 February 2025

Fungal disease affecting apple trees

Apple scab is a fungal disease caused by the pathogen Venturia inaequalis. It is one of the most common and economically significant diseases affecting apple trees worldwide. The disease primarily affects the leaves, fruit, and sometimes the young twigs of apple trees, leading to reduced fruit quality and yield.

Symptoms

The first symptoms of apple scab appear in early spring as olive-green spots on the leaves. These spots gradually darken and become velvety in texture. As the disease progresses, the spots may coalesce, causing the leaves to become distorted and eventually fall off. On the fruit, scab lesions appear as dark, sunken areas that can crack and deform the apple, making it unmarketable.

Life Cycle

Apple scab is a polycyclic disease, meaning it can produce multiple infection cycles within a single growing season. The fungus overwinters in fallen leaves and infected twigs. In the spring, as temperatures rise, the fungus produces spores that are released into the air and carried by wind to infect new leaves and fruit. Moisture from rain or dew is necessary for the spores to germinate and infect the host plant.

Management

Effective management of apple scab involves a combination of cultural practices, resistant cultivars, and fungicide applications. Cultural practices include removing and destroying fallen leaves to reduce the source of overwintering inoculum. Planting scab-resistant apple varieties can also significantly reduce the incidence of the disease. Fungicides are often applied preventatively, starting at bud break and continuing throughout the growing season, especially during wet weather conditions.

Impact

Apple scab can cause significant economic losses in commercial apple production due to reduced fruit quality and yield. The disease can also increase production costs due to the need for frequent fungicide applications. In addition to its economic impact, apple scab can affect the aesthetic quality of apples, making them less appealing to consumers.

Related pages

Gallery

Apple fruits affected by scab
Close-up of apple scab lesions
Scanning electron micrograph of apple scab

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-'''Artemisia princeps''', also known as [[Korean mugwort]], [[Japanese mugwort]], or [[Asian mugwort]], is a species of perennial plant in the [[Asteraceae]] family. It is native to China, Japan, and the Korean peninsula, and has been naturalized in many other parts of the world.
+{{Short description|Fungal disease affecting apple trees}}
+{{Taxobox
+| name = Apple scab
+| image = Apple_fruits_scab.jpg
+| image_caption = Apple fruits affected by scab
+| regnum = [[Fungi]]
+| divisio = [[Ascomycota]]
+| classis = [[Dothideomycetes]]
+| ordo = [[Pleosporales]]
+| familia = [[Venturiaceae]]
+| genus = ''[[Venturia]]''
+| species = '''''V. inaequalis'''''
+| binomial = ''Venturia inaequalis''
+| binomial_authority = (Cooke) G. Winter
+}}
-== Description ==
+'''''Apple scab''''' is a fungal disease caused by the pathogen ''[[Venturia inaequalis]]''. It is one of the most common and economically significant diseases affecting [[apple]] trees worldwide. The disease primarily affects the leaves, fruit, and sometimes the young twigs of apple trees, leading to reduced fruit quality and yield.
-'''Artemisia princeps''' is a tall, perennial herbaceous plant that typically grows to a height of 1.2 meters. It has deeply lobed, dark green leaves with a silvery underside. The plant produces small, yellow or reddish-brown flowers in the summer and autumn.
-== Uses ==
+==Symptoms==
-'''Artemisia princeps''' is used extensively in traditional [[East Asian medicine]]. It is believed to have a variety of medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer effects. The plant is also used in the production of [[moxa]], a material used in [[moxibustion]], a traditional therapeutic technique that involves burning the material on or near the skin.
+The first symptoms of apple scab appear in early spring as olive-green spots on the leaves. These spots gradually darken and become velvety in texture. As the disease progresses, the spots may coalesce, causing the leaves to become distorted and eventually fall off. On the fruit, scab lesions appear as dark, sunken areas that can crack and deform the apple, making it unmarketable.
-In addition to its medicinal uses, '''Artemisia princeps''' is also used in cooking, particularly in East Asian cuisines. The leaves are often used as a flavoring in soups and stews, and can also be used to make a type of rice cake known as [[mugwort rice cake]].
+==Life Cycle==
+Apple scab is a polycyclic disease, meaning it can produce multiple infection cycles within a single growing season. The fungus overwinters in fallen leaves and infected twigs. In the spring, as temperatures rise, the fungus produces spores that are released into the air and carried by wind to infect new leaves and fruit. Moisture from rain or dew is necessary for the spores to germinate and infect the host plant.
-== Cultivation ==
+==Management==
-'''Artemisia princeps''' is a hardy plant that can grow in a variety of soil types, although it prefers well-drained soil. It can tolerate both full sun and partial shade. The plant is propagated by seeds, which are sown in the spring.
+Effective management of apple scab involves a combination of cultural practices, resistant cultivars, and fungicide applications. Cultural practices include removing and destroying fallen leaves to reduce the source of overwintering inoculum. Planting scab-resistant apple varieties can also significantly reduce the incidence of the disease. Fungicides are often applied preventatively, starting at bud break and continuing throughout the growing season, especially during wet weather conditions.
-== Conservation Status ==
+==Impact==
-While '''Artemisia princeps''' is not currently considered to be at risk of extinction, its habitat is being threatened by urbanization and other forms of human activity. Efforts are being made to conserve the species and its habitat.
+Apple scab can cause significant economic losses in commercial apple production due to reduced fruit quality and yield. The disease can also increase production costs due to the need for frequent fungicide applications. In addition to its economic impact, apple scab can affect the aesthetic quality of apples, making them less appealing to consumers.
-== See Also ==
+==Related pages==
-* [[List of Artemisia species]]
+* [[Apple]]
-* [[Traditional Korean medicine]]
+* [[Fungal plant pathogens]]
-* [[Traditional Japanese medicine]]
+* [[Plant disease management]]
-[[Category:Artemisia]]
+==Gallery==
-[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
+<gallery>
-[[Category:Culinary herbs and spices]]
+File:Apple_fruits_scab.jpg|Apple fruits affected by scab
-{{plants}}
+File:Apple_scab.jpg|Close-up of apple scab lesions
-{{Asia-stub}}
+File:Apple_scab_SEM.jpg|Scanning electron micrograph of apple scab
-{{food-stub}}
+</gallery>
+[[Category:Apple tree diseases]]
+[[Category:Fungal plant pathogens and diseases]]
+[[Category:Venturiaceae]]