Gleich's syndrome

Gleich's syndrome is a rare medical condition characterized by episodic angioedema, eosinophilia, and elevated serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels. The syndrome is named after the German physician Friedrich Gleich, who first described the condition.

Clinical Features

Patients with Gleich's syndrome typically present with recurrent episodes of angioedema, which is the rapid swelling of the deeper layers of the skin and mucous membranes. These episodes are often accompanied by eosinophilia, a condition where there is an abnormally high number of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) in the blood. Additionally, patients may exhibit elevated levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) in their serum.

Other symptoms may include:

• Fever
• Weight gain
• Muscle pain
• Fatigue

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of Gleich's syndrome is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic triad of angioedema, eosinophilia, and elevated IgM levels. Laboratory tests are essential to confirm the presence of eosinophilia and elevated IgM. A thorough patient history and physical examination are also crucial to rule out other potential causes of these symptoms.

Pathophysiology

The exact cause of Gleich's syndrome is not well understood. It is believed to be an immune-mediated disorder, but the precise mechanisms leading to the episodic angioedema and eosinophilia remain unclear. Some researchers suggest that it may be related to abnormal regulation of the immune system.

Treatment

There is no specific cure for Gleich's syndrome, and treatment is generally symptomatic. Management strategies may include:

• Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and control eosinophilia
• Antihistamines to manage angioedema
• Immunosuppressive drugs in severe cases

Patients are often monitored regularly to manage symptoms and prevent complications.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with Gleich's syndrome varies. Some individuals may experience frequent episodes, while others may have long periods of remission. With appropriate management, many patients can lead relatively normal lives.

See Also

• Angioedema
• Eosinophilia
• Immunoglobulin M
• Immune system disorders

External Links

-

   This article is a  stub. You can help WikiMD by expanding it!