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| {{Drugbox
| | #REDIRECT[[3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine]] |
| | Watchedfields = changed
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| | verifiedrevid = 477318674
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| | IUPAC_name = 1-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-N-methylpropan-2-amine
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| | image = MDA2DCSD.svg
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| | width = 200
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| | image2 = MDA animation.gif
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| | width2 = 200
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| | tradename =
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| | Drugs.com =
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| | pregnancy_AU =
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| | pregnancy_US =
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| | pregnancy_category =
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| | legal_AU = S9
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| | legal_CA = Schedule III
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| | legal_DE = Anlage I
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| | legal_UK = Class A
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| | legal_US = Schedule I
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| | legal_UN =
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| | addiction_liability = High
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| | routes_of_administration = By mouth
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| | bioavailability =
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| | protein_bound =
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| | metabolism = Liver, CYP450 extensively involved, including CYP2D6
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| | elimination_half-life = 6–10 hours
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| | excretion = Kidney
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| | CAS_number = 4764-17-4
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| | ATC_prefix =
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| | ATC_suffix =
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| | PubChem = 1615
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| | DrugBank = DB01488
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| | ChemSpider = 1556
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| | UNII =
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| | KEGG =
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| | ChEBI =
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| | ChEMBL = 15789
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| | synonyms = ''Sass'', ''Sassafras'', ''MDA''
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| | C=10 | H=15 | N=1 | O=2
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| | molecular_weight = 179.237 g/mol
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| | smiles = CC(NC)Cc1ccc2OCOc2c1
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| | StdInChI = 1S/C10H15NO2/c1-7(11-2)5-8-3-4-9-10(6-8)13-12-9/h3-4,6-7,11H,5H2,1-2H3
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| | StdInChIKey = LWJALJDRFBXHKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| | density =
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| | melting_point =
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| | boiling_point =
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| | solubility =
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| }}
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| '''MDA''', also known as '''3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine''', is a [[psychoactive drug]] and [[substituted amphetamine]] that is structurally related to [[MDMA]] (ecstasy) and [[amphetamine]]. It is classified as a [[Schedule I]] substance in the United States, indicating a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use.
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| ==History==
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| MDA was first synthesized in 1910 by C. Mannich and W. Jacobsohn. It was originally used in psychotherapy and as an aid in the treatment of [[Parkinson's disease]] and [[depression]]. However, its recreational use increased in the 1960s, and it became known for its [[psychedelic]] and [[empathogenic]] effects.
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| ==Pharmacology==
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| MDA acts primarily as a [[serotonin]], [[norepinephrine]], and [[dopamine]] releasing agent. This causes it to promote the release of these [[neurotransmitters]], leading to increased [[neurotransmission]] in the [[brain]] and the characteristic effects of heightened emotional and sensory experiences.
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| ==Effects==
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| The effects of MDA can include [[euphoria]], heightened senses, increased energy, empathy, and emotional warmth. However, it can also lead to negative effects such as [[anxiety]], [[paranoia]], and [[hallucinations]]. Physiological effects include increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and hyperthermia.
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| ==Toxicity and Harm Potential==
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| MDA is known to be neurotoxic to [[serotonin]] neurons in the brain. It can also cause acute adverse effects such as dehydration, hyperthermia, and [[serotonin syndrome]]. Chronic use may lead to long-term health issues including neurotoxicity and cognitive deficits.
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| ==Legal Status==
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| MDA is controlled under various laws around the world, typically classified alongside other strong [[psychoactive substances]]. In the United States, it is a Schedule I drug under the Controlled Substances Act.
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| ==See Also==
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| * [[MDMA]]
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| * [[Amphetamine]]
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| * [[Psychedelic drug]]
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| * [[Empathogen-entactogen]]
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| [[Category:Psychoactive drugs]]
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| [[Category:Amphetamines]]
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| [[Category:Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents]]
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| {{medicine-stub}}
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