GPR55: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 20:37, 30 December 2024

GPR55 is a G protein-coupled receptor that is encoded by the GPR55 gene in humans. It is considered to be a part of the endocannabinoid system, although its role and function are still under investigation.

Function[edit]

GPR55 is a receptor that has been implicated in various physiological processes. It is activated by lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) and has been suggested to play a role in pain perception, bone physiology, and cancer.

Endocannabinoid System[edit]

While GPR55 is often associated with the endocannabinoid system, it does not bind to cannabinoids in the same way as the classical cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2. Instead, it is activated by LPI, a lipid that is structurally distinct from cannabinoids.

Clinical Significance[edit]

Research into GPR55 is ongoing, with studies exploring its potential as a therapeutic target. It has been linked to various conditions, including inflammatory diseases, neuropathic pain, and osteoporosis.

Cancer Research[edit]

GPR55 has been studied in the context of cancer, where it may influence tumor growth and metastasis. Some studies suggest that GPR55 activation can promote cancer cell proliferation, making it a potential target for anticancer therapies.

References[edit]

External Links[edit]

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-'''GPR55''' is a [[G protein-coupled receptor]] that in humans is encoded by the GPR55 [[gene]]. It is widely distributed throughout the body, with high expression levels in the [[adrenal gland]], [[gastrointestinal tract]], [[spleen]], and [[endocrine glands]]. GPR55 has been implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including [[pain perception]], [[bone development]], and regulation of [[energy balance]].
-== Function ==
+{{Infobox protein
+| name = GPR55
+| image = <!-- Image removed -->
+| caption = <!-- Caption removed -->
+| symbol = GPR55
+| HGNCid = 133
+| chromosome = 2
+| arm = q
+| band = 37
+}}
-GPR55 is activated by a variety of [[lipid]] ligands, including [[lysophosphatidylinositol]] (LPI) and various [[cannabinoid]]s. Upon activation, it can stimulate several different [[intracellular signaling]] pathways, including those involving [[phospholipase C]], [[calcium]] mobilization, and [[mitogen-activated protein kinase]]s.
+'''GPR55''' is a [[G protein-coupled receptor]] that is encoded by the [[GPR55 gene]] in humans. It is considered to be a part of the [[endocannabinoid system]], although its role and function are still under investigation.
-In the [[central nervous system]], GPR55 has been implicated in the modulation of [[neuronal excitability]] and [[synaptic transmission]]. In the [[peripheral nervous system]], it appears to play a role in the regulation of [[nociception]] and [[inflammation]].
+== Function ==
+GPR55 is a receptor that has been implicated in various physiological processes. It is activated by [[lysophosphatidylinositol]] (LPI) and has been suggested to play a role in [[pain perception]], [[bone physiology]], and [[cancer]].
-== Clinical significance ==
-Alterations in GPR55 signaling have been associated with a variety of diseases, including [[cancer]], [[neurodegenerative diseases]], and [[metabolic disorders]]. For example, overexpression of GPR55 has been observed in several types of cancer, including [[breast cancer]], [[prostate cancer]], and [[pancreatic cancer]], and has been linked to increased [[cell proliferation]] and [[tumor growth]].
+=== Endocannabinoid System ===
+While GPR55 is often associated with the endocannabinoid system, it does not bind to [[cannabinoids]] in the same way as the classical [[cannabinoid receptors]] [[CB1 receptor|CB1]] and [[CB2 receptor|CB2]]. Instead, it is activated by LPI, a lipid that is structurally distinct from cannabinoids.
-In the context of neurodegenerative diseases, GPR55 has been implicated in the regulation of [[neuroinflammation]] and [[neuroprotection]]. In metabolic disorders, alterations in GPR55 signaling have been linked to abnormalities in [[glucose homeostasis]] and [[energy balance]].
+== Clinical Significance ==
+Research into GPR55 is ongoing, with studies exploring its potential as a therapeutic target. It has been linked to various conditions, including [[inflammatory diseases]], [[neuropathic pain]], and [[osteoporosis]].
-== Research ==
+=== Cancer Research ===
+GPR55 has been studied in the context of cancer, where it may influence [[tumor growth]] and [[metastasis]]. Some studies suggest that GPR55 activation can promote cancer cell proliferation, making it a potential target for [[anticancer therapies]].
-Given its potential involvement in a variety of diseases, GPR55 is currently the subject of intense research. Several [[pharmacological]] agents that selectively target GPR55 are being developed and tested for their potential therapeutic effects.
-[[File:GPR55.png|thumb|right|GPR55 is a G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by a variety of lipid ligands.]]
-== See also ==
+== See Also ==
 * [[G protein-coupled receptor]]
+* [[Endocannabinoid system]]
 * [[Cannabinoid receptor]]
-* [[Lysophosphatidylinositol]]
 == References ==
+{{Reflist}}
-{{reflist}}
+== External Links ==
+* [https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/GPR55 GPR55 on WikiMD]
+* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9290 GPR55 Gene - NCBI]
 [[Category:G protein-coupled receptors]]
 [[Category:Human proteins]]
-[[Category:Signal transduction]]
+[[Category:Endocannabinoid system]]
-[[Category:Medical genetics]]
-[[Category:Neuroscience]]
-[[Category:Oncology]]
-[[Category:Endocrinology]]
-[[Category:Pharmacology]]
-{{GPCR-stub}}
-{{medicine-stub}}