TNFRSF18: Difference between revisions

TNFRSF18
Symbol	TNFRSF18
HGNC ID	11907
Alternative symbols	–
Entrez Gene	8784
OMIM	604501
RefSeq	NM_004195
UniProt	Q9Y5U5
Chromosome	1p36.33
Locus supplementary data	–

Latest revision as of 20:35, 30 December 2024

TNFRSF18 (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 18), also known as GITR (Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related protein), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFRSF18 gene. This gene is part of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses.

Function[edit]

TNFRSF18 is primarily expressed on the surface of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and activated T lymphocytes. It is involved in the modulation of immune system functions, particularly in the context of autoimmunity and inflammation. The interaction of TNFRSF18 with its ligand, GITRL (Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related Ligand), can lead to the activation of NF-kB and MAPK pathways, promoting T cell proliferation and survival.

Clinical Significance[edit]

The TNFRSF18-GITRL interaction has been implicated in various autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. It is also being studied for its potential role in cancer immunotherapy, as modulating this pathway could enhance anti-tumor immune responses.

Research[edit]

Research on TNFRSF18 is ongoing to better understand its role in immune regulation and its potential as a therapeutic target. Studies are exploring the use of agonistic antibodies to stimulate TNFRSF18, which could enhance the immune system's ability to fight cancer and chronic infections.

References[edit]

External Links[edit]

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-'''TNFRSF18''' also known as '''Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 18''' is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFRSF18 gene. It is a member of the [[tumor necrosis factor receptor]] superfamily, which is a group of proteins that play a crucial role in controlling cell survival and death.
+{{Infobox gene
+| name = TNFRSF18
+| image = <!-- Image removed -->
+| caption = <!-- Caption removed -->
+| HGNCid = 11907
+| symbol = TNFRSF18
+| alt_symbols = GITR, AITR
+| EntrezGene = 8784
+| OMIM = 604501
+| RefSeq = NM_004195
+| UniProt = Q9Y5U5
+| chromosome = 1
+| arm = p
+| band = 36.33
+}}
+'''TNFRSF18''' (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 18), also known as '''GITR''' (Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related protein), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the '''TNFRSF18''' gene. This gene is part of the [[tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily]], which plays a crucial role in the regulation of [[immune response]]s.
 == Function ==
-TNFRSF18 is a receptor for [[tumor necrosis factor]] (TNF) superfamily member 18 (TNFSF18), also known as A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). This receptor is expressed on the surface of activated [[T cells]], [[B cells]], and [[monocytes]]. When bound to its ligand, TNFRSF18 can stimulate the proliferation of T cells and the production of [[interleukin-2]].
+TNFRSF18 is primarily expressed on the surface of [[regulatory T cells]] (Tregs) and activated [[T lymphocytes]]. It is involved in the modulation of [[immune system]] functions, particularly in the context of [[autoimmunity]] and [[inflammation]]. The interaction of TNFRSF18 with its ligand, [[GITRL]] (Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related Ligand), can lead to the activation of [[NF-kB]] and [[MAPK]] pathways, promoting T cell proliferation and survival.
 == Clinical Significance ==
-Alterations in the function or expression of TNFRSF18 have been associated with various diseases. For example, mutations in the TNFRSF18 gene have been linked to [[autoimmune diseases]] such as [[rheumatoid arthritis]] and [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]. Additionally, overexpression of TNFRSF18 has been observed in certain types of [[cancer]], including [[breast cancer]] and [[colorectal cancer]], suggesting a potential role in tumor progression.
+The TNFRSF18-GITRL interaction has been implicated in various [[autoimmune diseases]], such as [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[multiple sclerosis]], and [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]. It is also being studied for its potential role in [[cancer immunotherapy]], as modulating this pathway could enhance anti-tumor immune responses.
 == Research ==
-Research into TNFRSF18 is ongoing, with studies investigating its role in immune regulation, cancer progression, and potential as a therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases and cancer.
+Research on TNFRSF18 is ongoing to better understand its role in [[immune regulation]] and its potential as a therapeutic target. Studies are exploring the use of agonistic antibodies to stimulate TNFRSF18, which could enhance the immune system's ability to fight [[cancer]] and chronic infections.
-[[File:TNFRSF18 protein structure.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Structure of the TNFRSF18 protein. Image from Wikimedia Commons.]]
 == See Also ==
-* [[Tumor necrosis factor]]
+* [[Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily]]
-* [[Tumor necrosis factor receptor]]
+* [[Regulatory T cell]]
-* [[Autoimmune diseases]]
+* [[Autoimmune disease]]
-* [[Cancer]]
+* [[Cancer immunotherapy]]
 == References ==
-<references />
+{{Reflist}}
+== External Links ==
+* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8784 TNFRSF18 Gene - NCBI]
+* [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Y5U5 TNFRSF18 Protein - UniProt]
-[[Category:Proteins]]
+[[Category:Genes on human chromosome 1]]
-[[Category:Genes]]
+[[Category:Immune system]]
-[[Category:Immunology]]
+[[Category:Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily]]
-[[Category:Oncology]]
-{{medicine-stub}}