Cydippida

Cydippida is an order of ctenophores, commonly known as comb jellies. These marine invertebrates are characterized by their spherical or oval bodies and the presence of two long, retractable tentacles. Cydippida are part of the class Tentaculata, which includes ctenophores that possess tentacles.

Morphology

Cydippida have a distinctive body structure that is generally spherical or oval. Their bodies are transparent and gelatinous, allowing them to blend into their surroundings in the water column. The most notable feature of Cydippida is their two long tentacles, which are used for capturing prey. These tentacles are equipped with specialized cells called colloblasts that secrete a sticky substance to trap small organisms.

Locomotion

Cydippida move through the water by the coordinated beating of rows of cilia, known as ctenes or comb rows. These comb rows are arranged in eight distinct bands that run longitudinally along the body. The movement of the cilia propels the ctenophore through the water with a graceful, undulating motion.

Feeding

Cydippida are carnivorous and primarily feed on small planktonic organisms. They use their tentacles to capture prey, which is then transported to the mouth. The colloblasts on the tentacles play a crucial role in securing the prey, which is subsequently ingested and digested in the gastrovascular cavity.

Reproduction

Cydippida exhibit both sexual and asexual reproduction. Most species are hermaphroditic, possessing both male and female reproductive organs. They can release eggs and sperm into the water column, where external fertilization occurs. Some species are also capable of asexual reproduction through processes such as budding or fragmentation.

Habitat

Cydippida are found in a variety of marine environments, from shallow coastal waters to the deep sea. They are distributed globally and can be found in both temperate and tropical regions. Their transparent bodies and delicate structure make them well-suited to a pelagic lifestyle, drifting with the ocean currents.

Taxonomy

The order Cydippida includes several families, each containing multiple genera and species. The classification within this order is based on morphological characteristics, particularly the structure and arrangement of the tentacles and comb rows.

Importance

Cydippida play a significant role in marine ecosystems as both predators and prey. They help regulate plankton populations and serve as a food source for larger marine animals. Their presence in the water column also contributes to the overall biodiversity and health of marine habitats.

See also

• Ctenophora
• Tentaculata
• Colloblast
• Comb row

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