Polyneuropathy: Difference between revisions
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= Polyneuropathy = | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Polyneuropathy | |||
| image = [[File:Vasculitic_neuropathy_-_plastics_-_low_mag.jpg|alt=Micrograph of vasculitic neuropathy]] | |||
| caption = Micrograph of vasculitic neuropathy | |||
| field = [[Neurology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Numbness]], [[tingling]], [[muscle weakness]], [[pain]] | |||
| complications = [[Foot drop]], [[muscle atrophy]], [[autonomic dysfunction]] | |||
| onset = Gradual or sudden | |||
| duration = Varies | |||
| causes = [[Diabetes mellitus]], [[alcoholism]], [[infections]], [[autoimmune diseases]], [[toxins]], [[genetic disorders]] | |||
| risks = [[Family history]], [[exposure to toxins]], [[poor nutrition]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical examination]], [[nerve conduction study]], [[electromyography]], [[nerve biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Mononeuropathy]], [[radiculopathy]], [[myopathy]] | |||
| treatment = [[Medications]], [[physical therapy]], [[occupational therapy]], [[surgery]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies depending on cause and treatment | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Saltatory Conduction.gif|Polyneuropathy|thumb|left]] | |||
[[File:Healthy Human T Cell.jpg|Polyneuropathy|thumb]] | |||
[[File:Ragged red fibres - gtc - very high mag.jpg|Polyneuropathy|thumb|left]] | |||
[[File:Methylprednisolone.png|Polyneuropathy|thumb]] | |||
'''Polyneuropathy''' is a degenerative disease that affects the peripheral [[nerves]], causing damage and dysfunction in various parts of the body. This condition can lead to a wide range of symptoms, depending on the nerves affected, and can significantly impact a person's quality of life. | '''Polyneuropathy''' is a degenerative disease that affects the peripheral [[nerves]], causing damage and dysfunction in various parts of the body. This condition can lead to a wide range of symptoms, depending on the nerves affected, and can significantly impact a person's quality of life. | ||
== Introduction == | |||
== | Polyneuropathy involves the damage or disease affecting multiple peripheral nerves. Unlike mononeuropathy, which affects a single nerve, polyneuropathy tends to have a more widespread impact on the body’s ability to sense and move. | ||
Polyneuropathy involves the damage or disease affecting multiple peripheral nerves. Unlike mononeuropathy, which affects a single nerve, polyneuropathy tends to have a more widespread impact on the | |||
== Types == | == Types == | ||
* '''[[Axonal neuropathy]]''': Affects the nerve axons | * '''[[Axonal neuropathy]]''': Affects the nerve axons | ||
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* '''[[Diabetic neuropathy]]''': Caused by long-standing [[diabetes]] | * '''[[Diabetic neuropathy]]''': Caused by long-standing [[diabetes]] | ||
* '''[[Guillain-Barré syndrome]]''': An acute form that rapidly progresses | * '''[[Guillain-Barré syndrome]]''': An acute form that rapidly progresses | ||
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title='''{{PAGENAME}}''' | title='''{{PAGENAME}}''' | ||
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height=600 | height=600 | ||
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== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Polyneuropathy can result from several factors, including: | Polyneuropathy can result from several factors, including: | ||
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* Toxic exposure to chemicals or medications | * Toxic exposure to chemicals or medications | ||
* Infections, such as [[HIV/AIDS]] and Lyme disease | * Infections, such as [[HIV/AIDS]] and Lyme disease | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
Symptoms of polyneuropathy can vary but commonly include: | Symptoms of polyneuropathy can vary but commonly include: | ||
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* Pain, often described as burning, stabbing, or tingling | * Pain, often described as burning, stabbing, or tingling | ||
* Difficulty with coordination and balance | * Difficulty with coordination and balance | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical evaluation, patient history, and specific tests, including: | Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical evaluation, patient history, and specific tests, including: | ||
| Line 47: | Line 61: | ||
* Blood tests to identify underlying causes | * Blood tests to identify underlying causes | ||
* Nerve biopsy in some cases | * Nerve biopsy in some cases | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
While there's no cure for polyneuropathy, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and underlying causes: | While there's no cure for polyneuropathy, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and underlying causes: | ||
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* Treatment of underlying conditions, such as controlling blood sugar in diabetes | * Treatment of underlying conditions, such as controlling blood sugar in diabetes | ||
* Nutritional supplements for deficiencies | * Nutritional supplements for deficiencies | ||
== Management == | == Management == | ||
Managing polyneuropathy involves: | Managing polyneuropathy involves: | ||
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* Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise | * Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise | ||
* Avoiding factors that can worsen the condition, such as alcohol | * Avoiding factors that can worsen the condition, such as alcohol | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Peripheral Neuropathy]] | * [[Peripheral Neuropathy]] | ||
* [[Neurology]] | * [[Neurology]] | ||
* [[Chronic Pain Management]] | * [[Chronic Pain Management]] | ||
== External Links == | == External Links == | ||
* [https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Polyneuropathy-Information-Page National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - Polyneuropathy] | * [https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Polyneuropathy-Information-Page National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - Polyneuropathy] | ||
* [https://www.foundationforpn.org/ The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy] | * [https://www.foundationforpn.org/ The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
* "Polyneuropathy in Diabetes." Diabetes Care. [https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/33/9/1959] | * "Polyneuropathy in Diabetes." Diabetes Care. [https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/33/9/1959] | ||
* "Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy." Neurology. [https://n.neurology.org/content/68/11/851] | * "Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy." Neurology. [https://n.neurology.org/content/68/11/851] | ||
[[Category:Neurological disorders]] | [[Category:Neurological disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Diseases of the nervous system]] | [[Category:Diseases of the nervous system]] | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
{{Medical resources | {{Medical resources | ||
| DiseasesDB = | | DiseasesDB = | ||
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|G|60||g|60}}-{{ICD10|G|64||g|60}} | | ICD10 = {{ICD10|G|60||g|60}}-{{ICD10|G|64||g|60}} | ||
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|356.4}}, {{ICD9|357.1}}-{{ICD9|357.7}} | | ICD9 = {{ICD9|356.4}}, {{ICD9|357.1}}-{{ICD9|357.7}} | ||
| ICDO = | | ICDO = | ||
| OMIM = | | OMIM = | ||
| MedlinePlus = | | MedlinePlus = | ||
| eMedicineSubj = | | eMedicineSubj = | ||
| eMedicineTopic = | | eMedicineTopic = | ||
| MeshID = D011115 | | MeshID = D011115 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{PNS diseases of the nervous system}} | {{PNS diseases of the nervous system}} | ||
{{Medicine}} | {{Medicine}} | ||
[[Category:Peripheral nervous system disorders]] | [[Category:Peripheral nervous system disorders]] | ||
{{nt}} | {{nt}} | ||
Latest revision as of 10:16, 13 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Polyneuropathy | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, pain |
| Complications | Foot drop, muscle atrophy, autonomic dysfunction |
| Onset | Gradual or sudden |
| Duration | Varies |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, infections, autoimmune diseases, toxins, genetic disorders |
| Risks | Family history, exposure to toxins, poor nutrition |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, nerve conduction study, electromyography, nerve biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Mononeuropathy, radiculopathy, myopathy |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Medications, physical therapy, occupational therapy, surgery |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Varies depending on cause and treatment |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Polyneuropathy is a degenerative disease that affects the peripheral nerves, causing damage and dysfunction in various parts of the body. This condition can lead to a wide range of symptoms, depending on the nerves affected, and can significantly impact a person's quality of life.
Introduction[edit]
Polyneuropathy involves the damage or disease affecting multiple peripheral nerves. Unlike mononeuropathy, which affects a single nerve, polyneuropathy tends to have a more widespread impact on the body’s ability to sense and move.
Types[edit]
- Axonal neuropathy: Affects the nerve axons
- Demyelinating neuropathy: Involves the myelin sheath, the protective covering of the nerves
- Diabetic neuropathy: Caused by long-standing diabetes
- Guillain-Barré syndrome: An acute form that rapidly progresses
Causes[edit]
Polyneuropathy can result from several factors, including:
- Diabetes mellitus
- Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in Vitamin B12
- Chronic alcoholism
- Autoimmune diseases
- Genetic predispositions
- Toxic exposure to chemicals or medications
- Infections, such as HIV/AIDS and Lyme disease
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of polyneuropathy can vary but commonly include:
- Tingling and numbness in the hands or feet, spreading to the arms and legs
- Weakness in the muscles, especially in the feet and hands
- Loss of reflexes
- Pain, often described as burning, stabbing, or tingling
- Difficulty with coordination and balance
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical evaluation, patient history, and specific tests, including:
- Nerve conduction studies
- Electromyography (EMG)
- Blood tests to identify underlying causes
- Nerve biopsy in some cases
Treatment[edit]
While there's no cure for polyneuropathy, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and underlying causes:
- Medications for pain relief, such as gabapentin or pregabalin
- Physical therapy to improve muscle strength and coordination
- Treatment of underlying conditions, such as controlling blood sugar in diabetes
- Nutritional supplements for deficiencies
Management[edit]
Managing polyneuropathy involves:
- Regular monitoring and treatment adjustment
- Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise
- Avoiding factors that can worsen the condition, such as alcohol
See Also[edit]
External Links[edit]
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - Polyneuropathy
- The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy
References[edit]
<references/>
- "Polyneuropathy in Diabetes." Diabetes Care. [1]
- "Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy." Neurology. [2]
External links[edit]
