Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
[[File:Cornea.png| | | name = Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy | ||
| image = [[File:Cornea.png|alt=Corneal dystrophy]] | |||
| caption = Slit lamp image showing epithelial basement membrane dystrophy | |||
| synonyms = Map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy, Cogan's microcystic epithelial dystrophy | |||
| field = [[Ophthalmology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Blurred vision]], [[corneal erosion]], [[dry eye]] | |||
| complications = [[Recurrent corneal erosion]], [[vision impairment]] | |||
| onset = Usually in adulthood | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = Genetic factors, [[corneal trauma]] | |||
| risks = Family history, [[eye surgery]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Slit lamp examination]], [[corneal topography]] | |||
| differential = [[Keratoconus]], [[Fuchs' dystrophy]] | |||
| treatment = [[Lubricating eye drops]], [[bandage contact lenses]], [[phototherapeutic keratectomy]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
'''Epithelial Basement Membrane Dystrophy''' (EBMD), also known as Map-Dot-Fingerprint Dystrophy, is a common [[corneal dystrophy]] affecting the [[corneal epithelium]]. It is characterized by the presence of abnormal basement membrane production, leading to a variety of corneal surface irregularities. | '''Epithelial Basement Membrane Dystrophy''' (EBMD), also known as Map-Dot-Fingerprint Dystrophy, is a common [[corneal dystrophy]] affecting the [[corneal epithelium]]. It is characterized by the presence of abnormal basement membrane production, leading to a variety of corneal surface irregularities. | ||
== Pathophysiology == | == Pathophysiology == | ||
EBMD is caused by a defect in the [[basement membrane]] of the corneal epithelium. This defect leads to the formation of redundant basement membrane material, which can trap epithelial cells and cause them to become misaligned. The resulting surface irregularities can be seen as maps, dots, and fingerprint-like patterns on the cornea. | EBMD is caused by a defect in the [[basement membrane]] of the corneal epithelium. This defect leads to the formation of redundant basement membrane material, which can trap epithelial cells and cause them to become misaligned. The resulting surface irregularities can be seen as maps, dots, and fingerprint-like patterns on the cornea. | ||
== Clinical Presentation == | == Clinical Presentation == | ||
Patients with EBMD may be asymptomatic or may present with symptoms such as blurred vision, recurrent [[corneal erosion]], and discomfort. The condition is often discovered during a routine eye examination when the characteristic patterns are observed on slit-lamp examination. | Patients with EBMD may be asymptomatic or may present with symptoms such as blurred vision, recurrent [[corneal erosion]], and discomfort. The condition is often discovered during a routine eye examination when the characteristic patterns are observed on slit-lamp examination. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of EBMD is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the cornea under slit-lamp examination. The characteristic map-dot-fingerprint patterns are usually sufficient for diagnosis. In some cases, [[corneal topography]] may be used to assess the extent of surface irregularities. | Diagnosis of EBMD is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the cornea under slit-lamp examination. The characteristic map-dot-fingerprint patterns are usually sufficient for diagnosis. In some cases, [[corneal topography]] may be used to assess the extent of surface irregularities. | ||
== Management == | == Management == | ||
Management of EBMD depends on the severity of symptoms. In asymptomatic patients, no treatment may be necessary. For those with recurrent erosions or significant visual disturbance, treatment options include: | Management of EBMD depends on the severity of symptoms. In asymptomatic patients, no treatment may be necessary. For those with recurrent erosions or significant visual disturbance, treatment options include: | ||
* Lubricating eye drops to reduce discomfort. | * Lubricating eye drops to reduce discomfort. | ||
* Hypertonic saline ointments to reduce corneal edema. | * Hypertonic saline ointments to reduce corneal edema. | ||
* Bandage contact lenses to protect the corneal surface. | * Bandage contact lenses to protect the corneal surface. | ||
* Anterior stromal puncture or [[phototherapeutic keratectomy]] (PTK) for recurrent erosions. | * Anterior stromal puncture or [[phototherapeutic keratectomy]] (PTK) for recurrent erosions. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for patients with EBMD is generally good, especially with appropriate management of symptoms. However, recurrent erosions can be a chronic issue requiring ongoing treatment. | The prognosis for patients with EBMD is generally good, especially with appropriate management of symptoms. However, recurrent erosions can be a chronic issue requiring ongoing treatment. | ||
== See also == | |||
== | |||
* [[Corneal dystrophy]] | * [[Corneal dystrophy]] | ||
* [[Corneal erosion]] | * [[Corneal erosion]] | ||
* [[Phototherapeutic keratectomy]] | * [[Phototherapeutic keratectomy]] | ||
{{Corneal diseases}} | {{Corneal diseases}} | ||
[[Category:Corneal dystrophies]] | [[Category:Corneal dystrophies]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:41, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy, Cogan's microcystic epithelial dystrophy |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Blurred vision, corneal erosion, dry eye |
| Complications | Recurrent corneal erosion, vision impairment |
| Onset | Usually in adulthood |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic factors, corneal trauma |
| Risks | Family history, eye surgery |
| Diagnosis | Slit lamp examination, corneal topography |
| Differential diagnosis | Keratoconus, Fuchs' dystrophy |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Lubricating eye drops, bandage contact lenses, phototherapeutic keratectomy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Epithelial Basement Membrane Dystrophy (EBMD), also known as Map-Dot-Fingerprint Dystrophy, is a common corneal dystrophy affecting the corneal epithelium. It is characterized by the presence of abnormal basement membrane production, leading to a variety of corneal surface irregularities.
Pathophysiology[edit]
EBMD is caused by a defect in the basement membrane of the corneal epithelium. This defect leads to the formation of redundant basement membrane material, which can trap epithelial cells and cause them to become misaligned. The resulting surface irregularities can be seen as maps, dots, and fingerprint-like patterns on the cornea.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Patients with EBMD may be asymptomatic or may present with symptoms such as blurred vision, recurrent corneal erosion, and discomfort. The condition is often discovered during a routine eye examination when the characteristic patterns are observed on slit-lamp examination.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of EBMD is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the cornea under slit-lamp examination. The characteristic map-dot-fingerprint patterns are usually sufficient for diagnosis. In some cases, corneal topography may be used to assess the extent of surface irregularities.
Management[edit]
Management of EBMD depends on the severity of symptoms. In asymptomatic patients, no treatment may be necessary. For those with recurrent erosions or significant visual disturbance, treatment options include:
- Lubricating eye drops to reduce discomfort.
- Hypertonic saline ointments to reduce corneal edema.
- Bandage contact lenses to protect the corneal surface.
- Anterior stromal puncture or phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) for recurrent erosions.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for patients with EBMD is generally good, especially with appropriate management of symptoms. However, recurrent erosions can be a chronic issue requiring ongoing treatment.
