Symblepharon: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Symblepharon | |||
| image = [[File:Symblepharon.jpg|alt=Symblepharon]] | |||
| caption = Symblepharon affecting the eye | |||
| field = [[Ophthalmology]] | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| symptoms = Adhesion of the [[conjunctiva]] to the [[eyelid]] | |||
| complications = [[Dry eye]], [[corneal ulceration]], [[vision impairment]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| causes = [[Trauma]], [[chemical burn]], [[Stevens-Johnson syndrome]], [[ocular cicatricial pemphigoid]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = Clinical examination | |||
| differential = [[Pterygium]], [[conjunctival cyst]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = Surgical intervention, [[lubricating eye drops]] | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on severity and treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
| deaths = | |||
}} | |||
{{Short description|A condition involving adhesion of the eyelid to the eyeball}} | {{Short description|A condition involving adhesion of the eyelid to the eyeball}} | ||
'''Symblepharon''' is a medical condition characterized by the adhesion of the palpebral conjunctiva of the eyelid to the bulbar conjunctiva of the eyeball. This condition can lead to restricted eye movement and discomfort, and it may result from various causes, including trauma, inflammation, or surgical complications. | '''Symblepharon''' is a medical condition characterized by the adhesion of the palpebral conjunctiva of the eyelid to the bulbar conjunctiva of the eyeball. This condition can lead to restricted eye movement and discomfort, and it may result from various causes, including trauma, inflammation, or surgical complications. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Symblepharon can arise from several etiological factors: | Symblepharon can arise from several etiological factors: | ||
* '''Trauma''': Physical injury to the eye or eyelid can lead to scar formation and subsequent adhesion. | * '''Trauma''': Physical injury to the eye or eyelid can lead to scar formation and subsequent adhesion. | ||
* '''Inflammation''': Chronic inflammatory conditions such as [[Stevens-Johnson syndrome]] or [[ocular cicatricial pemphigoid]] can cause symblepharon. | * '''Inflammation''': Chronic inflammatory conditions such as [[Stevens-Johnson syndrome]] or [[ocular cicatricial pemphigoid]] can cause symblepharon. | ||
* '''Surgery''': Post-surgical complications, particularly after procedures involving the conjunctiva, may result in adhesions. | * '''Surgery''': Post-surgical complications, particularly after procedures involving the conjunctiva, may result in adhesions. | ||
* '''Chemical burns''': Exposure to caustic substances can damage the conjunctiva, leading to symblepharon. | * '''Chemical burns''': Exposure to caustic substances can damage the conjunctiva, leading to symblepharon. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Patients with symblepharon may experience a range of symptoms, including: | Patients with symblepharon may experience a range of symptoms, including: | ||
* Restricted eye movement | * Restricted eye movement | ||
* Discomfort or pain in the affected eye | * Discomfort or pain in the affected eye | ||
* Redness and irritation | * Redness and irritation | ||
* Visual disturbances if the adhesion affects the cornea | * Visual disturbances if the adhesion affects the cornea | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
The diagnosis of symblepharon is primarily clinical, based on the observation of adhesions between the eyelid and the eyeball. An ophthalmologist may use a slit lamp examination to assess the extent and severity of the condition. | The diagnosis of symblepharon is primarily clinical, based on the observation of adhesions between the eyelid and the eyeball. An ophthalmologist may use a slit lamp examination to assess the extent and severity of the condition. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment options for symblepharon depend on the severity and underlying cause: | Treatment options for symblepharon depend on the severity and underlying cause: | ||
* '''Surgical intervention''': In severe cases, surgical separation of the adhesions may be necessary. This can involve techniques such as amniotic membrane transplantation or mucous membrane grafting. | * '''Surgical intervention''': In severe cases, surgical separation of the adhesions may be necessary. This can involve techniques such as amniotic membrane transplantation or mucous membrane grafting. | ||
* '''Lubrication''': Artificial tears or lubricating ointments can help alleviate symptoms and prevent further adhesions. | * '''Lubrication''': Artificial tears or lubricating ointments can help alleviate symptoms and prevent further adhesions. | ||
* '''Management of underlying conditions''': Treating the primary cause, such as controlling inflammation in autoimmune diseases, is crucial. | * '''Management of underlying conditions''': Treating the primary cause, such as controlling inflammation in autoimmune diseases, is crucial. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for symblepharon varies depending on the cause and the effectiveness of treatment. Early intervention and management of underlying conditions can improve outcomes and prevent recurrence. | The prognosis for symblepharon varies depending on the cause and the effectiveness of treatment. Early intervention and management of underlying conditions can improve outcomes and prevent recurrence. | ||
==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
Preventive measures include: | Preventive measures include: | ||
* Prompt treatment of eye injuries and infections | * Prompt treatment of eye injuries and infections | ||
* Avoidance of exposure to chemical irritants | * Avoidance of exposure to chemical irritants | ||
* Careful surgical techniques to minimize trauma to the conjunctiva | * Careful surgical techniques to minimize trauma to the conjunctiva | ||
==See also== | |||
== | |||
* [[Conjunctiva]] | * [[Conjunctiva]] | ||
* [[Stevens-Johnson syndrome]] | * [[Stevens-Johnson syndrome]] | ||
* [[Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid]] | * [[Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid]] | ||
* [[Amniotic membrane transplantation]] | * [[Amniotic membrane transplantation]] | ||
[[Category:Eye diseases]] | [[Category:Eye diseases]] | ||
Latest revision as of 05:32, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Symblepharon | |
|---|---|
| Symblepharon | |
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Adhesion of the conjunctiva to the eyelid |
| Complications | Dry eye, corneal ulceration, vision impairment |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Trauma, chemical burn, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ocular cicatricial pemphigoid |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination |
| Differential diagnosis | Pterygium, conjunctival cyst |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Surgical intervention, lubricating eye drops |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on severity and treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | |
A condition involving adhesion of the eyelid to the eyeball
Symblepharon is a medical condition characterized by the adhesion of the palpebral conjunctiva of the eyelid to the bulbar conjunctiva of the eyeball. This condition can lead to restricted eye movement and discomfort, and it may result from various causes, including trauma, inflammation, or surgical complications.
Causes[edit]
Symblepharon can arise from several etiological factors:
- Trauma: Physical injury to the eye or eyelid can lead to scar formation and subsequent adhesion.
- Inflammation: Chronic inflammatory conditions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome or ocular cicatricial pemphigoid can cause symblepharon.
- Surgery: Post-surgical complications, particularly after procedures involving the conjunctiva, may result in adhesions.
- Chemical burns: Exposure to caustic substances can damage the conjunctiva, leading to symblepharon.
Symptoms[edit]
Patients with symblepharon may experience a range of symptoms, including:
- Restricted eye movement
- Discomfort or pain in the affected eye
- Redness and irritation
- Visual disturbances if the adhesion affects the cornea
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of symblepharon is primarily clinical, based on the observation of adhesions between the eyelid and the eyeball. An ophthalmologist may use a slit lamp examination to assess the extent and severity of the condition.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment options for symblepharon depend on the severity and underlying cause:
- Surgical intervention: In severe cases, surgical separation of the adhesions may be necessary. This can involve techniques such as amniotic membrane transplantation or mucous membrane grafting.
- Lubrication: Artificial tears or lubricating ointments can help alleviate symptoms and prevent further adhesions.
- Management of underlying conditions: Treating the primary cause, such as controlling inflammation in autoimmune diseases, is crucial.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for symblepharon varies depending on the cause and the effectiveness of treatment. Early intervention and management of underlying conditions can improve outcomes and prevent recurrence.
Prevention[edit]
Preventive measures include:
- Prompt treatment of eye injuries and infections
- Avoidance of exposure to chemical irritants
- Careful surgical techniques to minimize trauma to the conjunctiva
