Functional abdominal pain syndrome

Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome

Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome (FAPS) is a chronic pain condition characterized by persistent abdominal pain without an identifiable organic cause. It is classified under functional gastrointestinal disorders, which are conditions where the gastrointestinal tract behaves abnormally without any structural or biochemical abnormalities.

Symptoms

Individuals with Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome experience chronic abdominal pain that is often severe and debilitating. The pain is typically diffuse and can vary in intensity. Unlike other gastrointestinal disorders, the pain in FAPS is not necessarily related to eating, bowel movements, or other physiological functions.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome is primarily clinical, based on the patient's history and the exclusion of other potential causes of abdominal pain. Physicians often use the Rome Criteria, a set of guidelines for diagnosing functional gastrointestinal disorders, to aid in the diagnosis of FAPS. Diagnostic tests may be performed to rule out other conditions, but these tests typically return normal results in patients with FAPS.

Pathophysiology

The exact pathophysiology of Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome is not well understood. It is believed to involve a complex interaction between the gut and the brain, often referred to as the brain-gut axis. Factors such as visceral hypersensitivity, altered pain perception, and psychological stress may contribute to the development and persistence of symptoms.

Management

Management of Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome is challenging and often requires a multidisciplinary approach. Treatment strategies may include:

• Pharmacological Therapy: Medications such as antidepressants and antispasmodics may be used to manage symptoms.
• Psychological Interventions: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and other forms of psychotherapy can help patients cope with chronic pain.
• Lifestyle Modifications: Dietary changes, stress management techniques, and regular physical activity may be beneficial.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome varies. While some patients may experience significant improvement with treatment, others may continue to have chronic symptoms. The condition can have a substantial impact on quality of life, affecting daily activities and emotional well-being.

See Also

• Irritable Bowel Syndrome
• Chronic Pain
• Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

External Links

• [International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders](https://www.iffgd.org)