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| {{DISPLAYTITLE:Cefpiramide Sodium}}
| | #REDIRECT[[Cefpiramide]] |
| {{Infobox drug
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| | name = Cefpiramide Sodium
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| | image = Cefpiramide_structure.png
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| | width = 250
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| | alt =
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| | caption = Chemical structure of Cefpiramide
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| | tradename =
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| | Drugs.com =
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| | MedlinePlus =
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| | pregnancy_AU =
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| | pregnancy_US =
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| | legal_AU =
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| | legal_US =
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| | routes_of_administration = Intravenous, Intramuscular
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| | bioavailability =
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| | protein_bound =
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| | metabolism =
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| | elimination_half-life = 4.5 hours
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| | excretion = Renal
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| | CAS_number = 70797-11-4
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| | ATC_prefix = J01
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| | ATC_suffix = DD13
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| | PubChem = 65656
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| | DrugBank = DB01329
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| | ChemSpiderID = 59085
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| | UNII = 0T493YFU8O
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| | KEGG = D07655
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| | ChEBI = 3508
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| | ChEMBL = 1201208
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| | C=25
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| | H=24
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| | N=8
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| | O=7
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| | S=2
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| | molecular_weight = 620.64 g/mol
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| }}
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| '''Cefpiramide sodium''' is a [[third-generation cephalosporin]] [[antibiotic]] used in the treatment of a variety of bacterial infections. It is particularly effective against [[Gram-negative bacteria]] and is administered via [[intravenous]] or [[intramuscular]] routes.
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| ==Pharmacology==
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| Cefpiramide sodium works by inhibiting bacterial [[cell wall]] synthesis. It binds to [[penicillin-binding proteins]] (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which are essential for the synthesis of the cell wall. This action leads to the weakening of the cell wall and eventually causes cell lysis and death of the bacterium.
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| ===Mechanism of Action===
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| Cefpiramide sodium, like other cephalosporins, exerts its bactericidal effect by binding to PBPs. These proteins are involved in the final stages of assembling the bacterial cell wall and reshaping it during growth and division. By inhibiting these proteins, cefpiramide disrupts the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls, which is critical for cell wall structural integrity.
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| ===Spectrum of Activity===
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| Cefpiramide sodium is effective against a broad range of [[Gram-negative]] organisms, including ''[[Escherichia coli]]'', ''[[Klebsiella pneumoniae]]'', ''[[Proteus mirabilis]]'', and ''[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]''. It also has activity against some [[Gram-positive bacteria]], although it is not the first choice for these infections. | |
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| ==Clinical Uses==
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| Cefpiramide sodium is used to treat a variety of infections, including:
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| * [[Urinary tract infections]]
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| * [[Respiratory tract infections]]
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| * [[Skin and soft tissue infections]]
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| * [[Intra-abdominal infections]]
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| * [[Sepsis]]
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| ==Administration and Dosage==
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| Cefpiramide sodium is administered either intravenously or intramuscularly. The dosage depends on the severity and type of infection, as well as the patient's renal function. Typical dosages range from 0.5 to 2 grams every 12 hours.
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| ==Pharmacokinetics==
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| Cefpiramide sodium has a half-life of approximately 4.5 hours. It is primarily excreted by the [[kidneys]], and dosage adjustments may be necessary in patients with renal impairment.
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| ==Adverse Effects==
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| Common adverse effects of cefpiramide sodium include:
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| * [[Gastrointestinal disturbances]] such as [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], and [[diarrhea]]
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| * [[Allergic reactions]], including [[rash]], [[pruritus]], and [[anaphylaxis]]
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| * [[Hematological effects]] such as [[eosinophilia]] and [[thrombocytopenia]]
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| ==Contraindications==
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| Cefpiramide sodium is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to cephalosporins or any component of the formulation. Caution is advised in patients with a history of [[penicillin allergy]] due to potential cross-reactivity.
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| ==Interactions==
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| Cefpiramide sodium may interact with other medications, including:
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| * [[Aminoglycosides]]: Concurrent use may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.
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| * [[Anticoagulants]]: Cephalosporins may enhance the anticoagulant effect of [[warfarin]].
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| ==See Also==
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| * [[Cephalosporin]]
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| * [[Antibiotic resistance]]
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| * [[Bacterial cell wall synthesis]]
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| ==External Links==
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| * [https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01329 DrugBank: Cefpiramide]
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| * [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/65656 PubChem: Cefpiramide]
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| {{Cephalosporins}}
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| [[Category:Cephalosporin antibiotics]]
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| [[Category:Beta-lactam antibiotics]]
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| [[Category:Antibiotics]]
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