Perianth

Perianth

The Perianth is a non-reproductive part of the flower, and it surrounds the reproductive organs. It is divided into two parts: the calyx and the corolla. The term is derived from the Greek words peri, meaning around, and anthos, meaning flower.

Structure

The perianth is composed of the calyx (sepals) and the corolla (petals). In some plants, these are indistinguishable and are collectively referred to as tepals. In other plants, the sepals and petals are distinct and the perianth is said to be heterochlamydeous.

Calyx

The calyx, the outermost whorl of a flower, is composed of sepals. These are typically green, but can be brightly colored in some species. The main function of the calyx is to protect the flower bud before it opens.

Corolla

The corolla is the inner whorl of the perianth, and it is composed of petals. These are typically brightly colored to attract pollinators. The shape and arrangement of the petals can vary widely among different species.

Function

The primary function of the perianth is to protect the reproductive organs of the flower and to attract pollinators. The color, shape, and scent of the perianth are all adaptations to this end.

Variations

In some plants, the perianth is reduced or absent. In others, the sepals and petals are indistinguishable and are collectively referred to as tepals. In still others, the perianth is brightly colored and showy, while in others it is small and inconspicuous.

See also

• Flower
• Sepal
• Petal
• Tepal

References

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