Shah

Shah is a title given to the emperors, kings, princes and lords of Iran (historically also known as Persia). It is also often extended to denote certain rulers of the Middle East. The word Shah is derived from the Old Persian word 'xšāyaθiya', meaning 'king' or 'ruler', and it is related to the Sanskrit word 'kshatriya', which refers to the warrior class in the Indian caste system.

Etymology and history

The term Shah is derived from the Old Persian word 'xšāyaθiya', which means 'king' or 'ruler'. It is related to the Sanskrit word 'kshatriya', which refers to the warrior class in the Indian caste system. The term was first used in the Iranian languages and later spread to other languages in the region.

In the history of Iran, the title of Shah was first used by the Achaemenid dynasty, which ruled Iran from 550 BC to 330 BC. The title was then used by the Sassanid dynasty, which ruled Iran from 224 AD to 651 AD. After the fall of the Sassanid dynasty, the title was used by various rulers in the region, including the Seljuks, the Khwarazmians, the Ilkhanids, the Timurids, the Safavids, the Afsharids, the Zands, the Qajars, and the Pahlavis.

Usage

The title of Shah is used to denote the king or ruler of Iran. It is also often extended to denote certain rulers of the Middle East. The title is often used in conjunction with other titles, such as Shahanshah (King of Kings), Padishah (Great King), and Shahzadeh (Prince).

See also

• List of shahanshahs of the Achaemenid Empire
• List of shahanshahs of the Sassanid Empire
• List of shahanshahs of the Safavid Empire
• List of shahanshahs of the Qajar dynasty
• List of shahanshahs of the Pahlavi dynasty

References

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Shah

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  Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
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  State flag of Iran 1964-1980
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  National Museum of Iran Darafsh