Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm is the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus. It is a complex mixture of substances dissolved in water that contains proteins, ions, and other molecules. Cytoplasm functions to support cellular components and activities.

Composition

The cytoplasm is about 80% water and usually colorless. It's full of proteins that control cell metabolism including signal transduction pathways, glycolysis, intracellular receptors, and transcription factors.

Functions

The cytoplasm functions to support and protect the cellular components. These components, known as organelles, carry out the specific tasks that allow the cell to function properly. The cytoplasm also acts as a buffer, protecting the genetic material of the cell and the cellular organelles from damage due to movement or collision with other cells.

Cytoplasmic Streaming

Cytoplasmic streaming, also known as cyclosis, is the directed flow of cytosol (the liquid component of the cytoplasm) and organelles around the cell. This movement aids in the delivery of nutrients, proteins, and organelles to specific parts of the cell.

Cytoskeleton

The cytoskeleton is an important component of the cytoplasm. It is a series of interconnecting filaments and tubules that stretch throughout the cytoplasm, providing an internal framework for the cell and helping to shape cell structure and movement.

See Also

• Cell (biology)
• Cytosol
• Organelle
• Protoplasm
• Cytoskeleton

References

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