Gluteal muscles

Gluteal muscles are a group of three muscles which make up the buttocks: the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. The three muscles originate from the iliac bone and insert on the femur.

Function

The gluteal muscles can be responsible for movement in the hip. They contract together to aid in the extension and lateral rotation of the hip joint. This is a crucial function in a variety of activities, including running, climbing, and maintaining upright posture.

Gluteus Maximus

The gluteus maximus is the largest of the gluteal muscles and one of the strongest muscles in the human body. It ensures the stability of the pelvic girdle and also aids in maintaining the upright posture. It is also responsible for the movement of the hip and thigh.

Gluteus Medius

The gluteus medius is a broad, thick, radiating muscle. It is situated on the outer surface of the pelvis. Its posterior third is covered by the gluteus maximus, its anterior two-thirds by the gluteal aponeurosis, which separates it from the superficial fascia and skin.

Gluteus Minimus

The gluteus minimus is the smallest of the three gluteal muscles and is situated immediately beneath the gluteus medius. It is fan-shaped, arising from the outer surface of the ilium, between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines, and behind, from the margin of the greater sciatic notch.

Clinical significance

The gluteal muscles can be prone to inflammation, strain, or other injury, particularly in athletes or individuals who engage in strenuous physical activities. This can result in pain, weakness, and limited range of motion in the hip joint. Treatment for these conditions may include physical therapy, medication, and in some cases, surgery.

See also

• Hip muscles
• Human musculoskeletal system

References

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