GPR135

GPR135 is a gene that encodes a protein known as G Protein-Coupled Receptor 135 in humans. This protein is part of the large G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, which plays a critical role in signal transduction across cell membranes. GPCRs are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including sensory perception, immune response, and the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. The specific function of GPR135, however, remains less understood compared to other members of the GPCR family.

Function

The GPR135 protein, like other G protein-coupled receptors, is believed to work by interacting with G proteins to transmit signals from the outside of a cell to its interior. These signals can then initiate various cellular responses. Given the vast and diverse roles of GPCRs in the human body, GPR135 is thought to potentially play a role in various physiological or pathological processes, although its exact functions and ligands are still under investigation.

Genetic and Molecular Aspects

The GPR135 gene is located on a specific chromosome and consists of several exons and introns that encode the protein. The structure of the GPR135 protein includes the characteristic seven transmembrane domains of GPCRs, which span the cell membrane and allow the receptor to interact with both extracellular ligands and intracellular signaling molecules.

Clinical Significance

While the precise physiological and pathological roles of GPR135 are not fully elucidated, GPCRs, in general, are significant in medicine and pharmacology. Many drugs target GPCRs to treat a wide range of conditions, from cardiovascular diseases to mental health disorders. Understanding the specific functions and mechanisms of action of GPR135 could potentially lead to new therapeutic targets and treatments.

Research Directions

Current research on GPR135 is focused on identifying its ligands, understanding its signaling pathways, and elucidating its role in health and disease. Studies using techniques such as gene knockout in mice or gene silencing in cell cultures are common approaches to uncover the physiological functions of GPR135.

See Also

• G protein-coupled receptor
• Signal transduction
• Gene knockout
• Pharmacology

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