Tin selenide: Difference between revisions

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Tin Selenide


Tin selenide (SnSe) is a binary compound of tin and selenium. It is a member of the IV-VI group of semiconductors and is known for its interesting thermoelectric properties. Tin selenide has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential applications in thermoelectric devices, photovoltaics, and optoelectronics.
{{Infobox chemical compound
 
| verifiedfields = changed
==Structure and Properties==
| verifiedrevid = 477002679
 
| image = <!-- Image removed -->
Tin selenide crystallizes in an orthorhombic structure at room temperature, which is characterized by a layered arrangement. Each tin atom is coordinated by selenium atoms, forming a distorted octahedral geometry. The layers are held together by van der Waals forces, which allows for easy cleavage along the planes.
| image_size = 200px
 
| IUPACName = Tin(II) selenide
The compound exhibits anisotropic electrical and thermal properties due to its layered structure. Tin selenide has a narrow band gap of approximately 0.9 eV, making it a suitable material for infrared detectors and other optoelectronic applications.
| OtherNames = Stannous selenide
 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
==Thermoelectric Properties==
| CASNo = 1315-06-6
 
| PubChem = 166839
Tin selenide is particularly noted for its exceptional thermoelectric performance. The thermoelectric efficiency of a material is determined by its dimensionless figure of merit, ZT, which is a function of the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity. Tin selenide has demonstrated a high ZT value, especially at elevated temperatures, due to its low thermal conductivity and high Seebeck coefficient.
| ChemSpiderID = 145963
 
| UNII = 8D8Q0E3K3E
The low thermal conductivity of tin selenide is attributed to its complex crystal structure, which scatters phonons effectively. This property makes it an excellent candidate for thermoelectric generators, which convert waste heat into electrical energy.
| InChI = 1S/Se.Sn
 
| InChIKey = ZQZULCJAKNZXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
==Synthesis==
| SMILES = [Sn]=[Se]
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = SnSe
| MolarMass = 197.68 g/mol
| Appearance = Black solid
| Density = 6.18 g/cm³
| MeltingPt = 861 °C
| BoilingPt = 1230 °C
}}
}}


Tin selenide can be synthesized using various methods, including:
'''Tin selenide''' (SnSe) is a chemical compound composed of [[tin]] and [[selenium]]. It is a [[semiconductor]] material with interesting properties for [[thermoelectric]] applications.


* '''Chemical Vapor Transport (CVT):''' A method where tin and selenium are reacted in a sealed tube at high temperatures, allowing the compound to deposit on a cooler region of the tube.
== Properties ==
* '''Solid-State Reaction:''' A process involving the direct reaction of elemental tin and selenium powders at elevated temperatures.
Tin selenide is a black solid with a density of 6.18 g/cm³. It has a melting point of 861 °C and a boiling point of 1230 °C. The compound crystallizes in an orthorhombic structure, which is important for its [[thermoelectric]] properties.
* '''Solution-Based Methods:''' Techniques such as solvothermal synthesis, where precursors are dissolved in a solvent and reacted under controlled conditions.


==Applications==
== Applications ==
Tin selenide is primarily studied for its potential in [[thermoelectric]] applications. Thermoelectric materials can convert heat into electricity, making them useful for power generation and [[waste heat recovery]]. The efficiency of a thermoelectric material is determined by its [[figure of merit]], which depends on the material's electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient.


Due to its unique properties, tin selenide is used in several applications:
== Synthesis ==
 
Tin selenide can be synthesized through various methods, including [[chemical vapor deposition]] and [[solid-state reaction]]. The choice of synthesis method can affect the material's properties, such as its [[crystal structure]] and [[grain size]].
* '''Thermoelectric Devices:''' Utilized in power generation and refrigeration systems due to its high thermoelectric efficiency.
* '''Photovoltaics:''' Potential use in solar cells due to its suitable band gap and absorption properties.
* '''Optoelectronics:''' Employed in infrared detectors and other devices that require materials with narrow band gaps.
 
==Also see==


== See also ==
* [[Thermoelectric materials]]
* [[Thermoelectric materials]]
* [[Semiconductors]]
* [[Semiconductors]]
* [[Photovoltaics]]
* [[Optoelectronics]]
* [[Tin compounds]]
* [[Tin compounds]]
* [[Selenium compounds]]
* [[Selenium compounds]]


{{Infobox material
== References ==
| name = Tin Selenide
{{Reflist}}
| formula = SnSe
 
| image = SnSe_structure.png
== External links ==
| image_size = 250px
* [https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Tin_selenide Tin selenide on WikiMD]
| crystal_system = Orthorhombic
| band_gap = 0.9 eV
| ZT = High
}}


[[Category:Semiconductors]]
[[Category:Thermoelectric materials]]
[[Category:Tin compounds]]
[[Category:Tin compounds]]
[[Category:Selenium compounds]]
[[Category:Selenium compounds]]
[[Category:Thermoelectric materials]]
[[Category:Semiconductors]]
== Tin selenide gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Crystal structure of orthorhombic SnSe and GeSe.png|Crystal structure of orthorhombic SnSe and GeSe
</gallery>

Latest revision as of 05:45, 3 March 2025


Tin selenide (SnSe) is a chemical compound composed of tin and selenium. It is a semiconductor material with interesting properties for thermoelectric applications.

Properties[edit]

Tin selenide is a black solid with a density of 6.18 g/cm³. It has a melting point of 861 °C and a boiling point of 1230 °C. The compound crystallizes in an orthorhombic structure, which is important for its thermoelectric properties.

Applications[edit]

Tin selenide is primarily studied for its potential in thermoelectric applications. Thermoelectric materials can convert heat into electricity, making them useful for power generation and waste heat recovery. The efficiency of a thermoelectric material is determined by its figure of merit, which depends on the material's electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient.

Synthesis[edit]

Tin selenide can be synthesized through various methods, including chemical vapor deposition and solid-state reaction. The choice of synthesis method can affect the material's properties, such as its crystal structure and grain size.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

<references group="" responsive="1"></references>


External links[edit]

Tin selenide gallery[edit]

  • Crystal structure of orthorhombic SnSe and GeSe
    Crystal structure of orthorhombic SnSe and GeSe
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