Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington: Difference between revisions

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Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was a British Army soldier and statesman who is one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain. He is best known for his victory against Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

Early Life[edit]

Arthur Wellesley was born in Dublin, Ireland, into the Anglo-Irish aristocracy. He was the third of five surviving sons of Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington, and Anne Hill-Trevor, the eldest daughter of Arthur Hill-Trevor, 1st Viscount Dungannon.

Military Career[edit]

Wellesley began his military career in 1787, serving in the British Army. He rose to prominence during the Peninsular War (1807–1814) in Spain and Portugal, where he led the British forces to several victories against the French Empire.

Battle of Waterloo[edit]

The Battle of Waterloo was fought on 18 June 1815 near Waterloo, Belgium. It marked the final defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte, ending his rule as Emperor of the French and the Napoleonic Wars. Wellington's leadership was instrumental in the allied victory.

Political Career[edit]

After his military success, Wellington entered politics. He served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, from 1828 to 1830 and again in 1834. He was a member of the Tory Party and later the Conservative Party.

Legacy[edit]

Wellington is remembered as one of Britain's greatest military commanders. His strategies and tactics are studied in military academies around the world. He was also known for his political conservatism and opposition to Parliamentary reform.

References[edit]

Richard,

 Wellington: The Iron Duke, 
  
 HarperCollins, 
 2002, 
  
  
 ISBN 978-0007137503,

Elizabeth,

 Wellington: The Years of the Sword, 
  
 Harper & Row, 
 1969, 
  
  
 ISBN 978-0060125350,

External Links[edit]

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington on Encyclopædia Britannica

Sir Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
Dangan Castle, Co Meath, Ireland, 1840
Dangan Castle Main Door
Arthur Wellesley by John Hoppner
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington by Robert Home
Battle of Assaye
Major-General the Hon. Arthur Wellesley being received in durbar at the Chepauk Palace Madras by Azim al-Daula Nawab of the Carnatic 18th February 1805
Wellington's 33rd

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-[[file:Dangan_Castle,_Co_Meath,_Ireland,_1840.jpg|thumb|Dangan Castle, Co Meath, Ireland, 1840]] [[file:Dcastlemaindoor.jpg|thumb|Dcastlemaindoor|left]] [[file:Arthur_Wellesley_by_John_Hoppner.jpg|thumb|Arthur Wellesley by John Hoppner]] [[file:Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington_by_Robert_Home.jpg|thumb|Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington by Robert Home|left]] [[file:Battle_of_Assaye.jpeg|thumb|Battle of Assaye]] [[file:Major-General_the_Hon._Arthur_Wellesley_being_received_in_durbar_at_the_Chepauk_Palace_Madras_by_Azim_al-Daula_Nawab_of_the_Carnatic_18th_February_1805.jpg|thumb|Major-General the Hon. Arthur Wellesley being received in durbar at the Chepauk Palace Madras by Azim al-Daula Nawab of the Carnatic 18th February 1805]] {{short description|British soldier and statesman (1769–1852)}}
-{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
+{{Infobox person
-{{Infobox officeholder
+| name = Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
-| honorific-prefix = Field Marshal
+| image = <!-- Image removed -->
-| name = The Duke of Wellington
+| caption = Portrait of Arthur Wellesley
-| honorific-suffix =
+| birth_date = {{Birth date|1769|5|1|df=yes}}
-| image = Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington.png
+| birth_place = Dublin, Ireland
-| caption = Portrait by [[Thomas Lawrence]], 1815
+| death_date = {{Death date and age|1852|9|14|1769|5|1|df=yes}}
-| order = Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
+| death_place = Walmer, Kent, England
-| term_start = 22 January 1828
+| nationality = British
-| term_end = 16 November 1830
+| occupation = Military leader, statesman
-| monarch = [[George IV of the United Kingdom|George IV]]
-| predecessor = [[Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich|Viscount Goderich]]
-| successor = [[Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey|Earl Grey]]
-| term_start2 = 17 November 1834
-| term_end2 = 9 December 1834
-| monarch2 = [[William IV of the United Kingdom|William IV]]
-| predecessor2 = [[Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey|Earl Grey]]
-| successor2 = [[Robert Peel|Sir Robert Peel]]
-| birth_date = {{Birth date|1769|5|1|df=y}}
-| birth_place = [[Dublin]], [[Kingdom of Ireland]]
-| death_date = {{Death date and age|1852|9|14|1769|5|1|df=y}}
-| death_place = [[Walmer Castle]], [[Kent]], [[England]]
-| party = [[Tory (British political party)|Tory]]
-| spouse = {{marriage|Catherine Pakenham|1806|1852|end=his death}}
-| children = [[Arthur Wellesley, 2nd Duke of Wellington|Arthur]] and Charles
-| alma_mater = [[Eton College]]
-| profession = Soldier, statesman
-| signature = Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington Signature.svg
-| branch = [[British Army]]
-| serviceyears = 1787–1852
-| rank = [[Field Marshal (United Kingdom)|Field Marshal]]
-| commands = [[British Army]]
-| battles = [[French Revolutionary Wars]], [[Napoleonic Wars]], [[Battle of Waterloo]]
 }}
-'''Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington''' (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was a British soldier and statesman who is most famous for leading the [[British Army]] to victory against [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] at the [[Battle of Waterloo]] in 1815. He later served as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] twice, from 1828 to 1830 and for a brief period in 1834.
+'''Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington''' (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was a [[British Army]] soldier and statesman who is one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain. He is best known for his victory against [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] at the [[Battle of Waterloo]] in 1815.
 == Early Life ==
-Arthur Wellesley was born in [[Dublin]], [[Kingdom of Ireland]], to [[Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington|Garret Wesley]], 1st Earl of Mornington, and Anne Hill-Trevor. He was educated at [[Eton College]] and later attended the [[Royal Military Academy, Woolwich]].
+Arthur Wellesley was born in [[Dublin]], [[Ireland]], into the [[Anglo-Irish]] aristocracy. He was the third of five surviving sons of [[Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington]], and Anne Hill-Trevor, the eldest daughter of [[Arthur Hill-Trevor, 1st Viscount Dungannon]].
 == Military Career ==
-Wellesley began his military career in 1787, serving in various campaigns during the [[French Revolutionary Wars]]. He gained prominence during the [[Peninsular War]] (1807–1814), where he successfully led British forces against the French in [[Spain]] and [[Portugal]]. His strategic acumen and leadership were instrumental in the eventual defeat of the French forces.
+Wellesley began his military career in 1787, serving in the [[British Army]]. He rose to prominence during the [[Peninsular War]] (1807–1814) in [[Spain]] and [[Portugal]], where he led the British forces to several victories against the [[French Empire]].
 === Battle of Waterloo ===
-The [[Battle of Waterloo]] on 18 June 1815 was a decisive battle that ended the [[Napoleonic Wars]]. Wellesley, in command of the Allied forces, played a crucial role in defeating Napoleon. This victory solidified his reputation as one of Britain's greatest military commanders.
+The [[Battle of Waterloo]] was fought on 18 June 1815 near [[Waterloo, Belgium]]. It marked the final defeat of [[Napoleon Bonaparte]], ending his rule as [[Emperor of the French]] and the [[Napoleonic Wars]]. Wellington's leadership was instrumental in the allied victory.
 == Political Career ==
-After his military success, Wellesley transitioned into politics. He was a member of the [[Tory (British political party)|Tory]] party and served as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] from 1828 to 1830 and briefly in 1834. His tenure was marked by significant events such as the passage of the [[Catholic Emancipation Act 1829]].
+After his military success, Wellington entered politics. He served twice as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]], from 1828 to 1830 and again in 1834. He was a member of the [[Tory Party]] and later the [[Conservative Party]].
-== Later Life and Death ==
-Wellesley continued to be an influential figure in British politics and military affairs until his death on 14 September 1852 at [[Walmer Castle]] in [[Kent]]. He was buried in [[St Paul's Cathedral]], London.
 == Legacy ==
-Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, is remembered as one of Britain's greatest military leaders and a significant political figure. His legacy includes numerous statues, memorials, and the naming of various places and institutions in his honor.
+Wellington is remembered as one of Britain's greatest military commanders. His strategies and tactics are studied in military academies around the world. He was also known for his political conservatism and opposition to [[Parliamentary reform]].
-== Related Pages ==
+== See Also ==
-* [[Battle of Waterloo]]
 * [[Napoleonic Wars]]
+* [[British Army]]
 * [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]]
-* [[British Army]]
-* [[Tory (British political party)]]
-== Categories ==
+== References ==
+* {{Cite book |last=Holmes |first=Richard |title=Wellington: The Iron Duke |year=2002 |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-0007137503}}
+* {{Cite book |last=Longford |first=Elizabeth |title=Wellington: The Years of the Sword |year=1969 |publisher=Harper & Row |isbn=978-0060125350}}
+== External Links ==
+* [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Arthur-Wellesley-1st-duke-of-Wellington Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington] on [[Encyclopædia Britannica]]
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Wellesley, Arthur}}
 [[Category:1769 births]]
 [[Category:1852 deaths]]
 [[Category:British Army generals]]
 [[Category:British Prime Ministers]]
-[[Category:People educated at Eton College]]
+[[Category:People of the Napoleonic Wars]]
 [[Category:People from Dublin]]
-[[Category:Field Marshals of the United Kingdom]]
+<gallery>
-[[Category:Peninsular War commanders (British)]]
+File:Sir_Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington.png|Sir Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
-[[Category:Waterloo campaign]]
+File:Dangan_Castle,_Co_Meath,_Ireland,_1840.jpg|Dangan Castle, Co Meath, Ireland, 1840
+File:Dcastlemaindoor.jpg|Dangan Castle Main Door
-{{medicine-stub}}
+File:Arthur_Wellesley_by_John_Hoppner.jpg|Arthur Wellesley by John Hoppner
+File:Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington_by_Robert_Home.jpg|Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington by Robert Home
+File:Battle_of_Assaye.jpeg|Battle of Assaye
+File:Major-General_the_Hon._Arthur_Wellesley_being_received_in_durbar_at_the_Chepauk_Palace_Madras_by_Azim_al-Daula_Nawab_of_the_Carnatic_18th_February_1805.jpg|Major-General the Hon. Arthur Wellesley being received in durbar at the Chepauk Palace Madras by Azim al-Daula Nawab of the Carnatic 18th February 1805
+File:Wellingtons33rd.jpg|Wellington's 33rd
+</gallery>