Dubnium: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 21:12, 23 February 2025

Dubnium

Dubnium is a synthetic chemical element with the symbol Db and atomic number 105. It is a member of the transition metals and is part of the periodic table's d-block. Dubnium is not found naturally and must be created in a laboratory setting.

History[edit]

The discovery of dubnium was first reported in 1968 by a team of scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia, and independently by researchers at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California, USA. The element was named after the town of Dubna.

Properties[edit]

Physical Properties[edit]

Dubnium is a highly radioactive metal. Due to its short half-life, its physical properties are not well-characterized. It is expected to have properties similar to other group 5 elements, such as tantalum and niobium.

Chemical Properties[edit]

Dubnium is expected to exhibit oxidation states of +5 and possibly +3. Its chemistry is predicted to be similar to that of tantalum and niobium, forming complex compounds with oxygen and halogens.

Production[edit]

Dubnium is produced by bombarding lighter elements with charged particles. The most common method involves the fusion of calcium ions with americium or berkelium targets in a particle accelerator.

Isotopes[edit]

Dubnium has no stable isotopes. Several radioactive isotopes have been synthesized, with the most stable being dubnium-268, which has a half-life of about 28 hours.

Applications[edit]

Due to its radioactivity and short half-life, dubnium has no practical applications outside of scientific research. It is primarily used in studies to understand the properties of heavy elements and the forces that hold atomic nuclei together.

Safety[edit]

As a radioactive element, dubnium poses significant health risks if not handled properly. It requires specialized facilities and equipment to ensure safe handling and containment.

Dubnium[edit]

Transactinide chemistry apparatus Dubna

Transactinide chemistry apparatus Dubna
Niels Bohr
Otto Hahn (Nobel)
Nucleus half life and decay
7s electrons dubnium relativistic vs nonrelativistic
Atomic orbitals dubnium
Radiochem 104+ Transactinide

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[file:Transactinide_chemistry_apparatus_Dubna.jpg|thumb|left]] [[file:Nucleus_half_life_and_decay.svg|thumb|left]] [[file:7s_electrons_dubnium_relativistic_vs_nonrelativistic.svg|thumb|right]] [[file:Atomic_orbitals_dubnium.svg|thumb|right]] [[file:Radiochem_104+_Transactinide.svg|thumb|right]] {{Infobox chemical element
+Dubnium
-| name = Dubnium
-| symbol = Db
+Dubnium is a synthetic chemical element with the symbol Db and atomic number 105. It is a member of the [[transition metals]] and is part of the [[periodic table]]'s [[d-block]]. Dubnium is not found naturally and must be created in a laboratory setting.
-| number = 105
-| pronounciation =
+==History==
-| named_by =
+The discovery of dubnium was first reported in 1968 by a team of scientists at the [[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]] in Dubna, Russia, and independently by researchers at the [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] in California, USA. The element was named after the town of Dubna.
-| named_after = [[Dubna]], [[Russia]]
-| discovery_date = 1967
-| discovered_by = [[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]] and [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]]
-| mass_number = 268
-| electron_configuration = [Rn] 5f^14 6d^3 7s^2
-| electrons_per_shell = 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 11, 2
-}}
-'''Dubnium''' is a synthetic chemical element with the symbol '''Db''' and atomic number 105. It is named after the town of [[Dubna]] in [[Russia]], where it was first produced. Dubnium is a member of the [[transactinide elements]] and is part of the [[d-block]] of the [[periodic table]]. It is placed in [[group 5]] and [[period 7]].
+==Properties==
+===Physical Properties===
+Dubnium is a highly radioactive metal. Due to its short half-life, its physical properties are not well-characterized. It is expected to have properties similar to other group 5 elements, such as [[tantalum]] and [[niobium]].
-== History ==
+===Chemical Properties===
-Dubnium was first reported in 1967 by scientists at the [[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]] (JINR) in Dubna, Russia. The discovery was later confirmed by researchers at the [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] in [[California]], [[United States]]. The element was named after the town of Dubna, reflecting the contributions of the JINR team.
+Dubnium is expected to exhibit oxidation states of +5 and possibly +3. Its chemistry is predicted to be similar to that of tantalum and niobium, forming complex compounds with oxygen and halogens.
-== Properties ==
+==Production==
-Dubnium is a highly radioactive element, and only a few atoms have ever been produced. Due to its short half-life, its physical and chemical properties are not well known. However, it is expected to have properties similar to other group 5 elements, such as [[niobium]] and [[tantalum]].
+Dubnium is produced by bombarding lighter elements with charged particles. The most common method involves the fusion of [[calcium]] ions with [[americium]] or [[berkelium]] targets in a particle accelerator.
-=== Isotopes ===
+==Isotopes==
-Several isotopes of dubnium have been synthesized, with [[dubnium-268]] being the most stable, having a half-life of about 28 hours. Other isotopes include dubnium-261, dubnium-262, and dubnium-263, all of which have much shorter half-lives.
+Dubnium has no stable isotopes. Several radioactive isotopes have been synthesized, with the most stable being dubnium-268, which has a half-life of about 28 hours.
-== Production ==
+==Applications==
-Dubnium is produced in particle accelerators through the bombardment of lighter elements. For example, it can be created by bombarding [[californium]] with [[nitrogen]] nuclei. The production of dubnium is a complex process that requires sophisticated equipment and technology.
+Due to its radioactivity and short half-life, dubnium has no practical applications outside of scientific research. It is primarily used in studies to understand the properties of heavy elements and the forces that hold atomic nuclei together.
-== Applications ==
+==Safety==
-Due to its short half-life and the difficulty in producing it, dubnium has no practical applications outside of scientific research. It is primarily used in studies to understand the properties of heavy elements and the limits of the periodic table.
+As a radioactive element, dubnium poses significant health risks if not handled properly. It requires specialized facilities and equipment to ensure safe handling and containment.
-== See also ==
+==See Also==
-* [[Transactinide elements]]
 * [[Periodic table]]
+* [[Transition metals]]
 * [[Synthetic elements]]
-* [[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]]
-* [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]]
-== References ==
+{{Elementbox
-{{Reflist}}
+| name = Dubnium
+| symbol = Db
-== External links ==
+| number = 105
-{{Commons category|Dubnium}}
+| category = Transition metal
-{{Periodic table}}
+| group = 5
+| period = 7
+| block = d
+}}
 [[Category:Chemical elements]]
 [[Category:Synthetic elements]]
-[[Category:Transactinide elements]]
+[[Category:Transition metals]]
-[[Category:Group 5 elements]]
+== Dubnium ==
-[[Category:Period 7 elements]]
+<gallery>
-[[Category:Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]]
+File:Transactinide_chemistry_apparatus_Dubna.jpg|Transactinide chemistry apparatus Dubna
-[[Category:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]]
+File:Niels_Bohr.jpg|Niels Bohr
+File:Otto_Hahn_(Nobel).jpg|Otto Hahn (Nobel)
-{{chemistry-stub}}
+File:Nucleus_half_life_and_decay.svg|Nucleus half life and decay
+File:7s_electrons_dubnium_relativistic_vs_nonrelativistic.svg|7s electrons dubnium relativistic vs nonrelativistic
+File:Atomic_orbitals_dubnium.svg|Atomic orbitals dubnium
+File:Radiochem_104+_Transactinide.svg|Radiochem 104+ Transactinide
+</gallery>