Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 22:13, 16 February 2025

Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty[edit]

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), also known as partial knee replacement, is a surgical procedure used to relieve arthritis in one of the knee compartments. This procedure is an alternative to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for patients with osteoarthritis confined to a single compartment of the knee.

Indications[edit]

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is indicated for patients with osteoarthritis that is limited to either the medial or lateral compartment of the knee. Candidates for UKA typically have:

Intact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
Minimal or no deformity of the knee
Good range of motion
Low body mass index (BMI)

Surgical Procedure[edit]

The procedure involves replacing the damaged compartment of the knee with a prosthesis. The surgery is performed through a smaller incision compared to total knee replacement, which can result in a quicker recovery and less postoperative pain. The surgeon removes the damaged cartilage and bone, and then fits the prosthetic components to the femur and tibia.

Advantages[edit]

The advantages of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty over total knee arthroplasty include:

Preservation of healthy bone and cartilage
Shorter recovery time
Less postoperative pain
Better range of motion
More natural knee function

Complications[edit]

As with any surgical procedure, UKA carries risks. Potential complications include:

Infection
Blood clots
Implant loosening
Continued pain
Need for revision surgery

Outcomes[edit]

Studies have shown that patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty often experience significant pain relief and improved function. The longevity of the prosthesis can vary, but many patients enjoy good outcomes for 10 to 15 years post-surgery.

Related Pages[edit]

References[edit]

Berger, R. A., et al. "Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: clinical experience at 6- to 10-year followup." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 392 (2001): 272-278.
Kozinn, S. C., and Scott, R. "Unicondylar knee arthroplasty." The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 71.1 (1989): 145-150.

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty[edit]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty''' (UKA), also known as a partial knee replacement, is a surgical procedure used to relieve arthritis in one of the knee compartments. Where the knee is divided into three major compartments, the UKA replaces only the damaged compartment, leaving the healthy parts of the knee intact. This contrasts with [[Total Knee Arthroplasty]] (TKA), where all the knee compartments are replaced.
+== Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty ==
-==Indications==
+[[File:Schlittenprothese.jpg|thumb|right|A unicompartmental knee prosthesis]]
-UKA is indicated for patients with osteoarthritis that is limited to a single compartment of the knee, typically the medial compartment, which is the most commonly affected area. Ideal candidates are those with:
-* Isolated unicompartmental osteoarthritis
+'''Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty''' (UKA), also known as partial knee replacement, is a surgical procedure used to relieve arthritis in one of the knee compartments. This procedure is an alternative to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for patients with osteoarthritis confined to a single compartment of the knee.
+== Indications ==
+Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is indicated for patients with osteoarthritis that is limited to either the medial or lateral compartment of the knee. Candidates for UKA typically have:
 * Intact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
-* Limited inflammation
+* Minimal or no deformity of the knee
-* Minimal deformity of the knee
+* Good range of motion
-* Adequate range of motion
+* Low body mass index (BMI)
-==Procedure==
+== Surgical Procedure ==
-The procedure involves the surgical removal of the damaged cartilage and bone from the affected knee compartment and replacing them with metal and plastic components. The metal components replace the damaged surfaces of the thigh bone (femur) and the shin bone (tibia), while a plastic insert is placed between them to ensure smooth movement.
+The procedure involves replacing the damaged compartment of the knee with a prosthesis. The surgery is performed through a smaller incision compared to total knee replacement, which can result in a quicker recovery and less postoperative pain. The surgeon removes the damaged cartilage and bone, and then fits the prosthetic components to the femur and tibia.
-==Advantages==
+== Advantages ==
-UKA offers several advantages over TKA, including:
+The advantages of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty over total knee arthroplasty include:
-* Quicker recovery time
+* Preservation of healthy bone and cartilage
-* Less blood loss during surgery
+* Shorter recovery time
-* Preservation of knee anatomy and kinematics
+* Less postoperative pain
-* Better post-operative knee function
+* Better range of motion
+* More natural knee function
-==Risks and Complications==
+== Complications ==
-As with any surgical procedure, UKA carries risks and potential complications, including:
+As with any surgical procedure, UKA carries risks. Potential complications include:
 * Infection
 * Blood clots
-* Implant wear and loosening
+* Implant loosening
-* Persistent pain
+* Continued pain
 * Need for revision surgery
-==Recovery==
+== Outcomes ==
-Recovery from UKA generally involves less time than recovery from TKA. Patients can often begin walking with assistance the day after surgery and may return to normal activities within six weeks. However, a full recovery can take up to three months and involves physical therapy to restore strength and mobility.
+Studies have shown that patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty often experience significant pain relief and improved function. The longevity of the prosthesis can vary, but many patients enjoy good outcomes for 10 to 15 years post-surgery.
-==Comparison with Total Knee Arthroplasty==
+== Related Pages ==
-While UKA is less invasive and has a quicker recovery time than TKA, it is not suitable for all patients. The decision between UKA and TKA depends on the extent of the knee damage, patient activity level, and overall health.
+* [[Knee replacement]]
+* [[Osteoarthritis]]
+* [[Orthopedic surgery]]
-==Future Directions==
+== References ==
-Advancements in surgical techniques and implant design continue to improve the outcomes of UKA. Robotic-assisted UKA is an emerging field that offers the potential for even more precise implant placement and alignment, potentially improving the longevity and function of the implant.
+* Berger, R. A., et al. "Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: clinical experience at 6- to 10-year followup." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 392 (2001): 272-278.
+* Kozinn, S. C., and Scott, R. "Unicondylar knee arthroplasty." The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 71.1 (1989): 145-150.
-[[Category:Orthopedic surgical procedures]]
+[[Category:Orthopedic surgery]]
-[[Category:Knee]]
+[[Category:Arthroplasty]]
-{{Medicine-stub}}
+== Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty ==
+<gallery>
+File:Schlittenprothese.jpg
+</gallery>