Thoracic endometriosis

Thoracic endometriosis is a rare form of endometriosis, a medical condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus, known as endometrium, grows outside of the uterus. In thoracic endometriosis, this tissue is found in the thoracic region, specifically the lungs and/or the chest cavity.

Etiology

The exact cause of thoracic endometriosis is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to the phenomenon of retrograde menstruation, where menstrual blood flows back into the pelvic cavity instead of out of the body. This can carry endometrial cells to other parts of the body, including the thoracic region.

Symptoms

Symptoms of thoracic endometriosis can vary, but often include chest pain, shortness of breath, and coughing up blood. These symptoms may be cyclical, occurring in sync with the patient's menstrual cycle. In severe cases, thoracic endometriosis can lead to pneumothorax, or a collapsed lung.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of thoracic endometriosis can be challenging due to its rarity and the nonspecific nature of its symptoms. It is often diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, imaging studies such as CT scan or MRI, and sometimes surgical exploration.

Treatment

Treatment for thoracic endometriosis typically involves hormone therapy to suppress the growth of endometrial tissue. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove the endometrial tissue from the thoracic region.

See also

• Endometriosis
• Pneumothorax
• Retrograde menstruation

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