Hydrogen chloride

Hydrogen chloride is a diatomic molecule, consisting of a hydrogen atom H and a chlorine atom Cl connected by a covalent single bond. As it is a compound of hydrogen and chlorine, its formula is HCl. It is a strong acid when dissolved in water.

Chemical Properties

Hydrogen chloride is a colorless gas that forms white fumes of hydrochloric acid upon contact with atmospheric humidity. The fumes are due to the hydrolysis of HCl with water in the air. It is heavier than air and tends to sink to the ground.

Physical Properties

Hydrogen chloride gas and hydrochloric acid are important in technology and industry. Hydrochloric acid, the aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride, is also commonly given the formula HCl.

Uses

Hydrogen chloride has many uses, including cleaning, pickling, electroplating metals, tanning leather, and refining and producing a wide variety of products.

Health Effects

Exposure to hydrogen chloride can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It can cause burns to the eye and skin and can cause respiratory difficulty.

See Also

• Hydrochloric acid
• Chlorine
• Hydrogen

References

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