Hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric Acid is a strong, corrosive acid that is commonly used in laboratory settings and industrial applications. It is a clear, colorless solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in water.

Chemical Properties

Hydrochloric acid is a strong monoprotic acid, which means it can release one proton (H+) per molecule. It has a pKa of -6.3, making it one of the strongest acids. It is also a strong electrolyte, meaning it fully dissociates into ions in solution.

Physical Properties

Hydrochloric acid is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid. It has a pungent, irritating odor and is highly corrosive. It has a boiling point of 110 degrees Celsius and a melting point of -27 degrees Celsius.

Uses

Hydrochloric acid has many uses in industry and in the laboratory. It is used in the production of chlorides, fertilizers, and dyes, in electroplating, and in the photographic, textile, and rubber industries. It is also used in the laboratory for the preparation of samples for testing, in the neutralization of basic systems, and in the titration of substances.

Safety

Hydrochloric acid is a highly corrosive substance and can cause severe burns and eye damage. It is harmful if inhaled and can cause respiratory irritation. It is also harmful if swallowed. Proper safety measures should be taken when handling hydrochloric acid, including the use of personal protective equipment and proper ventilation.

See Also

• Acid
• Chemistry
• Industrial Chemistry
• Safety in the Laboratory

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  Phase diagram of HCl and H2O
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  Hydrochloric acid 30-33%
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  Labeled stomach mucosal layer
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  UN transport pictogram for corrosive substances
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  GHS pictogram for corrosive substances
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  GHS pictogram for harmful substances