Dawn

Dawn phenomenon is a natural rise in blood glucose levels that occurs in the early morning hours, between approximately 2:00 AM and 8:00 AM. This phenomenon is common in both individuals with and without diabetes.

Causes

The dawn phenomenon is caused by a surge in hormones such as cortisol, glucagon, and growth hormone, which increase insulin resistance and cause blood glucose levels to rise. This surge in hormones is part of the body's natural circadian rhythm and prepares the body for the day ahead.

Effects

In individuals without diabetes, the body responds to the rise in blood glucose levels by releasing more insulin. However, in individuals with diabetes, this additional insulin is either not produced or not used effectively, leading to higher blood glucose levels in the morning.

Management

The dawn phenomenon can be managed through a combination of diet, exercise, and medication. Adjusting the timing or type of insulin taken at night can help to counteract the rise in blood glucose levels. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is also important in managing the dawn phenomenon.

See also

• Diabetes
• Blood glucose monitoring
• Insulin
• Cortisol
• Glucagon
• Growth hormone

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