Subglottic stenosis: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Subglottic stenosis | |||
| image = [[File:Subglottic_stenosis_(X-ray).jpg|left|thumb|X-ray showing subglottic stenosis]] | |||
| caption = X-ray showing subglottic stenosis | |||
| field = [[Otolaryngology]] | |||
| synonyms = SGS | |||
| symptoms = [[Stridor]], [[dyspnea]], [[cough]], [[hoarseness]] | |||
| complications = [[Respiratory distress]], [[tracheostomy]] | |||
| onset = Can be [[congenital]] or [[acquired]] | |||
| duration = [[Chronic (medicine)|Chronic]] | |||
| causes = [[Intubation]], [[trauma]], [[infection]], [[autoimmune disease]] | |||
| risks = Prolonged [[intubation]], [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Laryngoscopy]], [[bronchoscopy]], [[imaging studies]] | |||
| differential = [[Laryngomalacia]], [[vocal cord paralysis]], [[tracheomalacia]] | |||
| treatment = [[Surgical resection]], [[dilation]], [[steroid therapy]] | |||
| medication = [[Corticosteroids]], [[antibiotics]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies depending on severity and treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Subglottic_stenosis_04.png|left|thumb|Subglottic stenosis]] | |||
[[File:Subglottic_stenosis_03.png|left|thumb|Subglottic stenosis]] | |||
[[File:Subglottic_stenosis_02.png|left|thumb|Subglottic stenosis]] | |||
[[File:Subglottic_stenosis_01.jpg|thumb|Subglottic stenosis]] | |||
'''Subglottic stenosis''' is a [[medical condition]] characterized by a narrowing of the airway below the vocal cords and above the trachea. This condition can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life due to injury or illness. | '''Subglottic stenosis''' is a [[medical condition]] characterized by a narrowing of the airway below the vocal cords and above the trachea. This condition can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life due to injury or illness. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Subglottic stenosis can be caused by a variety of factors. Congenital subglottic stenosis is often due to a malformation of the cricoid cartilage or the presence of abnormal tissue in the subglottic area. Acquired subglottic stenosis can result from prolonged intubation, trauma to the neck, or diseases such as [[lupus]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]], or [[sarcoidosis]]. | Subglottic stenosis can be caused by a variety of factors. Congenital subglottic stenosis is often due to a malformation of the cricoid cartilage or the presence of abnormal tissue in the subglottic area. Acquired subglottic stenosis can result from prolonged intubation, trauma to the neck, or diseases such as [[lupus]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]], or [[sarcoidosis]]. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
The symptoms of subglottic stenosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include [[stridor]] (a high-pitched, wheezing sound), difficulty breathing, recurrent [[pneumonia]], and failure to thrive in infants. In severe cases, subglottic stenosis can lead to life-threatening airway obstruction. | The symptoms of subglottic stenosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include [[stridor]] (a high-pitched, wheezing sound), difficulty breathing, recurrent [[pneumonia]], and failure to thrive in infants. In severe cases, subglottic stenosis can lead to life-threatening airway obstruction. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Subglottic stenosis is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests. A [[laryngoscopy]] may be performed to visualize the airway. Other diagnostic tests may include a [[CT scan]] or [[MRI]] of the neck. | Subglottic stenosis is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests. A [[laryngoscopy]] may be performed to visualize the airway. Other diagnostic tests may include a [[CT scan]] or [[MRI]] of the neck. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for subglottic stenosis depends on the cause and severity of the condition. In mild cases, observation and management of symptoms may be sufficient. In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. This can include [[endoscopic surgery]], [[laser surgery]], or [[tracheostomy]]. | Treatment for subglottic stenosis depends on the cause and severity of the condition. In mild cases, observation and management of symptoms may be sufficient. In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. This can include [[endoscopic surgery]], [[laser surgery]], or [[tracheostomy]]. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Airway obstruction]] | * [[Airway obstruction]] | ||
* [[Laryngomalacia]] | * [[Laryngomalacia]] | ||
* [[Tracheomalacia]] | * [[Tracheomalacia]] | ||
[[Category:Respiratory diseases]] | [[Category:Respiratory diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatric disorders]] | [[Category:Pediatric disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Congenital disorders]] | [[Category:Congenital disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Acquired disorders]] | [[Category:Acquired disorders]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:26, 13 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Subglottic stenosis | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Synonyms | SGS |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Stridor, dyspnea, cough, hoarseness |
| Complications | Respiratory distress, tracheostomy |
| Onset | Can be congenital or acquired |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Intubation, trauma, infection, autoimmune disease |
| Risks | Prolonged intubation, gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| Diagnosis | Laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, imaging studies |
| Differential diagnosis | Laryngomalacia, vocal cord paralysis, tracheomalacia |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Surgical resection, dilation, steroid therapy |
| Medication | Corticosteroids, antibiotics |
| Prognosis | Varies depending on severity and treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Subglottic stenosis is a medical condition characterized by a narrowing of the airway below the vocal cords and above the trachea. This condition can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life due to injury or illness.
Causes[edit]
Subglottic stenosis can be caused by a variety of factors. Congenital subglottic stenosis is often due to a malformation of the cricoid cartilage or the presence of abnormal tissue in the subglottic area. Acquired subglottic stenosis can result from prolonged intubation, trauma to the neck, or diseases such as lupus, Wegener's granulomatosis, or sarcoidosis.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of subglottic stenosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include stridor (a high-pitched, wheezing sound), difficulty breathing, recurrent pneumonia, and failure to thrive in infants. In severe cases, subglottic stenosis can lead to life-threatening airway obstruction.
Diagnosis[edit]
Subglottic stenosis is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests. A laryngoscopy may be performed to visualize the airway. Other diagnostic tests may include a CT scan or MRI of the neck.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for subglottic stenosis depends on the cause and severity of the condition. In mild cases, observation and management of symptoms may be sufficient. In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. This can include endoscopic surgery, laser surgery, or tracheostomy.
