Labyrinthitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Labyrinthitis | |||
| image = [[File:Right_osseous_labyrinth_svg_hariadhi.svg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Diagram of the [[osseous labyrinth]] | |||
| field = [[Otorhinolaryngology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Vertigo]], [[hearing loss]], [[tinnitus]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]] | |||
| complications = [[Chronic dizziness]], [[hearing impairment]] | |||
| onset = Sudden | |||
| duration = Days to weeks | |||
| causes = [[Viral infection]], [[bacterial infection]], [[autoimmune disease]] | |||
| risks = [[Upper respiratory tract infection]], [[ear infection]], [[stress]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical diagnosis]], [[audiometry]], [[electronystagmography]] | |||
| differential = [[Vestibular neuritis]], [[Ménière's disease]], [[acoustic neuroma]] | |||
| treatment = [[Vestibular rehabilitation]], [[corticosteroids]], [[antihistamines]], [[antiemetics]] | |||
| medication = [[Meclizine]], [[prochlorperazine]], [[prednisone]] | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
| deaths = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Labyrinthitis''' is an inner [[Ear (anatomy)|ear]] condition characterized by inflammation of the [[Labyrinth (inner ear)|labyrinth]], the part of the ear responsible for coordinating balance. | '''Labyrinthitis''' is an inner [[Ear (anatomy)|ear]] condition characterized by inflammation of the [[Labyrinth (inner ear)|labyrinth]], the part of the ear responsible for coordinating balance. | ||
[[File:Gray920.png|thumb|Gray920]] | [[File:Gray920.png|left|thumb|Gray920]] | ||
== Introduction and Causes == | == Introduction and Causes == | ||
The labyrinth is a delicate structure located in the inner ear that helps control balance and hearing. Inflammation in this region, often caused by viral or bacterial infections, can result in labyrinthitis. The most common viral causes include [[Influenza|flu]], [[mumps]], [[measles]], and [[herpes]] viruses. Bacterial labyrinthitis, though rarer, is usually a result of bacterial [[Meningitis|meningitis]] or a [[middle ear]] infection. | The labyrinth is a delicate structure located in the inner ear that helps control balance and hearing. Inflammation in this region, often caused by viral or bacterial infections, can result in labyrinthitis. The most common viral causes include [[Influenza|flu]], [[mumps]], [[measles]], and [[herpes]] viruses. Bacterial labyrinthitis, though rarer, is usually a result of bacterial [[Meningitis|meningitis]] or a [[middle ear]] infection. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
*Symptoms of labyrinthitis include: | *Symptoms of labyrinthitis include: | ||
| Line 11: | Line 29: | ||
*Hearing loss | *Hearing loss | ||
*These symptoms can range from mild to severe, with the potential to significantly disrupt daily activities due to balance difficulties. | *These symptoms can range from mild to severe, with the potential to significantly disrupt daily activities due to balance difficulties. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and review of medical history. Clinicians may check for signs of involuntary eye movement (nystagmus), balance issues, and hearing loss. Additional tests such as [[MRI]] or [[CT scan]]s may be employed to rule out other conditions. | Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and review of medical history. Clinicians may check for signs of involuntary eye movement (nystagmus), balance issues, and hearing loss. Additional tests such as [[MRI]] or [[CT scan]]s may be employed to rule out other conditions. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment of labyrinthitis focuses on managing symptoms and treating the underlying cause. Antiviral or antibacterial medications may be used to treat the infection. Symptomatic treatment can include drugs for nausea, [[antihistamines]], and medications to reduce dizziness and vertigo. In some cases, vestibular rehabilitation therapy might be recommended to improve balance. | Treatment of labyrinthitis focuses on managing symptoms and treating the underlying cause. Antiviral or antibacterial medications may be used to treat the infection. Symptomatic treatment can include drugs for nausea, [[antihistamines]], and medications to reduce dizziness and vertigo. In some cases, vestibular rehabilitation therapy might be recommended to improve balance. | ||
== Prognosis and Long-Term Effects == | == Prognosis and Long-Term Effects == | ||
In most cases, labyrinthitis resolves within a few weeks, and hearing usually returns to normal. However, in rare cases, the condition can cause permanent hearing loss or chronic vertigo. | In most cases, labyrinthitis resolves within a few weeks, and hearing usually returns to normal. However, in rare cases, the condition can cause permanent hearing loss or chronic vertigo. | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Prevention of labyrinthitis is often related to maintaining general good health. This includes practices such as hand hygiene to avoid infection and keeping the immune system strong through healthy diet and regular exercise. | Prevention of labyrinthitis is often related to maintaining general good health. This includes practices such as hand hygiene to avoid infection and keeping the immune system strong through healthy diet and regular exercise. | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references> | <references> | ||
Latest revision as of 00:32, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
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| Labyrinthitis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, nausea, vomiting |
| Complications | Chronic dizziness, hearing impairment |
| Onset | Sudden |
| Duration | Days to weeks |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Viral infection, bacterial infection, autoimmune disease |
| Risks | Upper respiratory tract infection, ear infection, stress |
| Diagnosis | Clinical diagnosis, audiometry, electronystagmography |
| Differential diagnosis | Vestibular neuritis, Ménière's disease, acoustic neuroma |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Vestibular rehabilitation, corticosteroids, antihistamines, antiemetics |
| Medication | Meclizine, prochlorperazine, prednisone |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | Rare |
Labyrinthitis is an inner ear condition characterized by inflammation of the labyrinth, the part of the ear responsible for coordinating balance.
Introduction and Causes[edit]
The labyrinth is a delicate structure located in the inner ear that helps control balance and hearing. Inflammation in this region, often caused by viral or bacterial infections, can result in labyrinthitis. The most common viral causes include flu, mumps, measles, and herpes viruses. Bacterial labyrinthitis, though rarer, is usually a result of bacterial meningitis or a middle ear infection.
Symptoms[edit]
- Symptoms of labyrinthitis include:
- Vertigo: A sensation of moving or spinning when you're standing still
- Nausea and vomiting
- Tinnitus: Ringing or buzzing noise in the ears
- Hearing loss
- These symptoms can range from mild to severe, with the potential to significantly disrupt daily activities due to balance difficulties.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and review of medical history. Clinicians may check for signs of involuntary eye movement (nystagmus), balance issues, and hearing loss. Additional tests such as MRI or CT scans may be employed to rule out other conditions.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment of labyrinthitis focuses on managing symptoms and treating the underlying cause. Antiviral or antibacterial medications may be used to treat the infection. Symptomatic treatment can include drugs for nausea, antihistamines, and medications to reduce dizziness and vertigo. In some cases, vestibular rehabilitation therapy might be recommended to improve balance.
Prognosis and Long-Term Effects[edit]
In most cases, labyrinthitis resolves within a few weeks, and hearing usually returns to normal. However, in rare cases, the condition can cause permanent hearing loss or chronic vertigo.
Prevention[edit]
Prevention of labyrinthitis is often related to maintaining general good health. This includes practices such as hand hygiene to avoid infection and keeping the immune system strong through healthy diet and regular exercise.
References[edit]
<references>
- Strupp M, Brandt T. Vestibular neuritis. Semin Neurol. 2009;29(5):509-519. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1241043
- Pyykkö I, Nakashima T, Yoshida T, Zou J, Naganawa S. Meniere's disease: a reappraisal supported by a variable latency of symptoms and the MRI visualisation of endolymphatic hydrops. BMJ Open. 2013;3(2):e001555. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001555
</references>
