Kussmaul's sign: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Kussmaul's sign | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| image = | |||
| caption = | |||
| field = [[Cardiology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Jugular venous distension]] during [[inspiration]] | |||
| complications = | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| causes = [[Constrictive pericarditis]], [[right ventricular failure]], [[tricuspid stenosis]], [[restrictive cardiomyopathy]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[echocardiography]] | |||
| differential = [[Cardiac tamponade]], [[heart failure]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = Treat underlying cause | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Depends on underlying condition | |||
| frequency = | |||
| deaths = | |||
}} | |||
'''Kussmaul's sign''' is a medical term that refers to an abnormal increase in jugular venous pressure, observable as a rise in the jugular vein when the patient breathes in. This is a paradoxical physical finding in certain conditions, as the pressure typically decreases with inspiration. It is named after the German physician [[Adolf Kussmaul]], who first described the sign in patients with [[pericarditis]]. | '''Kussmaul's sign''' is a medical term that refers to an abnormal increase in jugular venous pressure, observable as a rise in the jugular vein when the patient breathes in. This is a paradoxical physical finding in certain conditions, as the pressure typically decreases with inspiration. It is named after the German physician [[Adolf Kussmaul]], who first described the sign in patients with [[pericarditis]]. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Kussmaul's sign is seen in conditions that cause an obstruction to the filling of the right ventricle. This includes [[constrictive pericarditis]], restrictive [[cardiomyopathy]], right [[atrial tumor]], and severe right [[ventricular failure]]. It can also be seen in [[tricuspid stenosis]] and [[pulmonary hypertension]]. | Kussmaul's sign is seen in conditions that cause an obstruction to the filling of the right ventricle. This includes [[constrictive pericarditis]], restrictive [[cardiomyopathy]], right [[atrial tumor]], and severe right [[ventricular failure]]. It can also be seen in [[tricuspid stenosis]] and [[pulmonary hypertension]]. | ||
== Pathophysiology == | == Pathophysiology == | ||
The pathophysiology of Kussmaul's sign involves the inability of the right ventricle to accept blood during inspiration. This is due to the increased rigidity of the [[pericardium]] in conditions such as constrictive pericarditis, which prevents the normal expansion of the right ventricle and leads to an increase in venous pressure. | The pathophysiology of Kussmaul's sign involves the inability of the right ventricle to accept blood during inspiration. This is due to the increased rigidity of the [[pericardium]] in conditions such as constrictive pericarditis, which prevents the normal expansion of the right ventricle and leads to an increase in venous pressure. | ||
== Clinical significance == | == Clinical significance == | ||
Kussmaul's sign is a useful clinical sign in the diagnosis of certain cardiac conditions. It is particularly helpful in distinguishing constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy, as it is usually present in the former and absent in the latter. | Kussmaul's sign is a useful clinical sign in the diagnosis of certain cardiac conditions. It is particularly helpful in distinguishing constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy, as it is usually present in the former and absent in the latter. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Jugular venous pressure]] | * [[Jugular venous pressure]] | ||
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* [[Pericarditis]] | * [[Pericarditis]] | ||
* [[Cardiomyopathy]] | * [[Cardiomyopathy]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Medical signs]] | [[Category:Medical signs]] | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | [[Category:Cardiology]] | ||
[[Category:Symptoms and signs: Circulatory and respiratory systems]] | [[Category:Symptoms and signs: Circulatory and respiratory systems]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:50, 4 April 2025
| Kussmaul's sign | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Jugular venous distension during inspiration |
| Complications | |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Constrictive pericarditis, right ventricular failure, tricuspid stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Physical examination, echocardiography |
| Differential diagnosis | Cardiac tamponade, heart failure |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Treat underlying cause |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Depends on underlying condition |
| Frequency | |
| Deaths | |
Kussmaul's sign is a medical term that refers to an abnormal increase in jugular venous pressure, observable as a rise in the jugular vein when the patient breathes in. This is a paradoxical physical finding in certain conditions, as the pressure typically decreases with inspiration. It is named after the German physician Adolf Kussmaul, who first described the sign in patients with pericarditis.
Causes[edit]
Kussmaul's sign is seen in conditions that cause an obstruction to the filling of the right ventricle. This includes constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathy, right atrial tumor, and severe right ventricular failure. It can also be seen in tricuspid stenosis and pulmonary hypertension.
Pathophysiology[edit]
The pathophysiology of Kussmaul's sign involves the inability of the right ventricle to accept blood during inspiration. This is due to the increased rigidity of the pericardium in conditions such as constrictive pericarditis, which prevents the normal expansion of the right ventricle and leads to an increase in venous pressure.
Clinical significance[edit]
Kussmaul's sign is a useful clinical sign in the diagnosis of certain cardiac conditions. It is particularly helpful in distinguishing constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy, as it is usually present in the former and absent in the latter.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
