Interleukin-1 receptor

Interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) is a type of protein that is encoded by the IL1R1 gene in humans. It is a part of the Interleukin-1 receptor family and plays a crucial role in immune response and inflammation.

Structure

The Interleukin-1 receptor is a type I transmembrane protein. It is composed of an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular domain. The extracellular domain is responsible for binding to IL-1, while the intracellular domain is involved in signal transduction.

Function

The primary function of the IL-1R is to bind to its ligand, IL-1, and initiate a cascade of signal transduction events. This leads to the activation of the NF-κB pathway, which is involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. The IL-1R can also bind to the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), which inhibits the actions of IL-1.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the function of the IL-1R have been associated with a variety of diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, sepsis, and autoimmune diseases. In addition, the IL-1R has been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain types of cancer.

See also

• Interleukin-1
• Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist
• NF-κB

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