Arneis: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 03:54, 18 February 2025

A small pyramid-shaped muscle of the face

The procerus muscle is a small, pyramid-shaped muscle located on the bridge of the nose. It is part of the facial musculature and plays a role in facial expression, particularly in the movement of the eyebrows and the skin of the forehead.

Anatomy[edit]

The procerus muscle originates from the fascia covering the lower part of the nasal bone and the upper part of the lateral nasal cartilage. It inserts into the skin of the lower part of the forehead between the eyebrows.

Function[edit]

The primary function of the procerus muscle is to pull the skin between the eyebrows downward, which contributes to the formation of horizontal wrinkles over the bridge of the nose. This action is often associated with expressions of frowning or concentration.

Innervation[edit]

The procerus muscle is innervated by the temporal branch of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). This nerve is responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression.

Blood Supply[edit]

The blood supply to the procerus muscle is provided by branches of the facial artery and the ophthalmic artery.

Clinical Significance[edit]

The procerus muscle is often targeted in cosmetic procedures, such as botulinum toxin injections, to reduce the appearance of frown lines and wrinkles on the forehead. Overactivity of this muscle can contribute to the formation of deep lines between the eyebrows, commonly referred to as "glabellar lines."

Related Muscles[edit]

The procerus muscle works in conjunction with other muscles of facial expression, including the corrugator supercilii and the frontalis muscle. These muscles collectively influence the movement of the eyebrows and the skin of the forehead.

Gallery[edit]

Illustration of the procerus muscle

Related Pages[edit]

Arneis[edit]

Pescaja Langhe Arneis 2006
Map of Piemonte province
Ripe Williams pears

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-'''Arneis''' is a white [[Italian wine]] grape variety originating from [[Piedmont]], Italy. It is most commonly found in the hills of the [[Roero]], northwest of [[Alba]], where it is part of the white [[Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita]] (DOCG) wines of Roero. It is also used to produce DOC wines in [[Langhe]]. Arneis is so called because it is often regarded as a somewhat difficult variety to grow, as the phrase 'Arneis' translates as 'little rascal' in the local [[Piedmontese language]].
+{{Short description|A small pyramid-shaped muscle of the face}}
-== History ==
+The '''procerus muscle''' is a small, pyramid-shaped muscle located on the bridge of the nose. It is part of the facial musculature and plays a role in facial expression, particularly in the movement of the eyebrows and the skin of the forehead.
-Arneis has been grown in Piedmont for centuries, but it was often used to soften the flavors of [[Nebbiolo]], the grape used to make [[Barolo]] and [[Barbaresco]]. It was not until the 20th century that Arneis began to be used to make varietal wines.
+==Anatomy==
+The procerus muscle originates from the fascia covering the lower part of the nasal bone and the upper part of the lateral nasal cartilage. It inserts into the skin of the lower part of the forehead between the eyebrows.
-== Viticulture and winemaking ==
+==Function==
+The primary function of the procerus muscle is to pull the skin between the eyebrows downward, which contributes to the formation of horizontal wrinkles over the bridge of the nose. This action is often associated with expressions of frowning or concentration.
-Arneis is a low-yielding variety that tends to bud early and ripen late. This makes it susceptible to spring frosts and requires careful vineyard management. The grape naturally has low acidity, so it can be used to produce wines with a soft, round character. Arneis wines are typically dry and full-bodied, with notes of pears and apricots.
+==Innervation==
+The procerus muscle is innervated by the temporal branch of the [[facial nerve]] (cranial nerve VII). This nerve is responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression.
-== Food pairing ==
+==Blood Supply==
+The blood supply to the procerus muscle is provided by branches of the [[facial artery]] and the [[ophthalmic artery]].
-Arneis wines are versatile when it comes to food pairing. They can be served with a variety of dishes, including fish, poultry, and pasta with light sauces. They also pair well with Asian cuisine, thanks to their fruit-forward character and low acidity.
+==Clinical Significance==
+The procerus muscle is often targeted in cosmetic procedures, such as [[botulinum toxin]] injections, to reduce the appearance of frown lines and wrinkles on the forehead. Overactivity of this muscle can contribute to the formation of deep lines between the eyebrows, commonly referred to as "glabellar lines."
-== See also ==
+==Related Muscles==
+The procerus muscle works in conjunction with other muscles of facial expression, including the [[corrugator supercilii]] and the [[frontalis muscle]]. These muscles collectively influence the movement of the eyebrows and the skin of the forehead.
-* [[Italian wine]]
+==Gallery==
-* [[Piedmont (wine)]]
+<gallery>
-* [[Roero (wine)]]
+File:Procerus_middle_leg.jpg|Illustration of the procerus muscle
-* [[Langhe]]
+</gallery>
-* [[Nebbiolo]]
-* [[Barolo]]
-* [[Barbaresco]]
-[[Category:Italian wine]]
+==Related Pages==
-[[Category:White wine grape varieties]]
+* [[Facial muscles]]
-[[Category:Wine grapes of Italy]]
+* [[Facial nerve]]
-[[Category:Piedmont]]
+* [[Botulinum toxin]]
-{{Italian-wine-stub}}
-{{food-stub}}
+[[Category:Muscles of the head and neck]]
+== Arneis ==
+<gallery>
+File:Pescaja_Langhe_Arneis_2006.jpg|Pescaja Langhe Arneis 2006
+File:Piemonte_province.jpg|Map of Piemonte province
+File:Ripe_Williams_pears_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1479876.jpg|Ripe Williams pears
+</gallery>