Niobium(V) fluoride: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:19, 16 February 2025

Niobium(V) fluoride[edit]

Niobium(V) fluoride, also known as niobium pentafluoride, is a chemical compound with the formula NbF_. It is a white crystalline solid that is highly reactive and is used in various chemical applications, particularly in the field of fluorine chemistry.

Structure and Properties[edit]

Niobium(V) fluoride is a transition metal fluoride and exhibits a complex structure. It typically forms a polymeric structure in the solid state, where each niobium atom is surrounded by six fluorine atoms in an octahedral geometry. This compound is known for its high reactivity, especially with water, with which it reacts to form niobium oxyfluoride and hydrofluoric acid.

Synthesis[edit]

Niobium(V) fluoride can be synthesized by the direct fluorination of niobium metal or niobium compounds such as niobium pentoxide (Nb_O_). The reaction is typically carried out at elevated temperatures in the presence of a fluorine source, such as fluorine gas or hydrogen fluoride.

Applications[edit]

Niobium(V) fluoride is used as a catalyst in various chemical reactions, particularly in the field of organic chemistry. It is also employed in the synthesis of other niobium compounds and in the production of superconducting materials. Due to its ability to form strong bonds with fluorine, it is used in the preparation of fluorinated compounds.

Safety and Handling[edit]

Niobium(V) fluoride is highly corrosive and must be handled with care. It reacts violently with water and moisture, releasing toxic hydrofluoric acid. Proper safety equipment, such as gloves and eye protection, should be used when handling this compound. It should be stored in a dry, inert atmosphere to prevent decomposition.

Related pages[edit]

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-'''Niobium(V) fluoride''' is a [[chemical compound]] with the formula NbF<sub>5</sub>. This compound is of interest in the field of [[chemistry]], particularly in [[inorganic chemistry]], as it involves niobium in its highest oxidation state, +5. Niobium(V) fluoride is a part of a broader class of compounds known as [[halides]].
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:Niobium(V) fluoride}}
-==Properties==
+== Niobium(V) fluoride ==
-Niobium(V) fluoride is characterized by its high reactivity with water, releasing [[hydrogen fluoride]] (HF) upon contact. It is a colorless, volatile liquid at room temperature, making it distinct from many other metal fluorides that tend to be solid. The compound has a boiling point of 236.5°C and a melting point of 72.5°C. Its molecular geometry is expected to be octahedral, a common shape for compounds with the formula MX<sub>5</sub>.
+[[File:Niobium(V)_fluoride.png|thumb|right|Niobium(V) fluoride]]
+'''Niobium(V) fluoride''', also known as '''niobium pentafluoride''', is a chemical compound with the formula NbF_. It is a white crystalline solid that is highly reactive and is used in various chemical applications, particularly in the field of [[fluorine]] chemistry.
-==Synthesis==
+== Structure and Properties ==
-The synthesis of niobium(V) fluoride typically involves the direct reaction of [[niobium]] with [[fluorine]] gas:
+Niobium(V) fluoride is a [[transition metal]] fluoride and exhibits a complex structure. It typically forms a polymeric structure in the solid state, where each niobium atom is surrounded by six fluorine atoms in an octahedral geometry. This compound is known for its high reactivity, especially with water, with which it reacts to form [[niobium oxyfluoride]] and [[hydrofluoric acid]].
-\[ \text{2 Nb} + 5 \text{F}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NbF}_5 \]
-This reaction is highly exothermic and must be conducted under controlled conditions to prevent violent reactions.
-==Applications==
+== Synthesis ==
-Niobium(V) fluoride is primarily used as a reagent in the synthesis of other niobium compounds. Its ability to act as a [[Lewis acid]] makes it useful in certain organic synthesis reactions, where it can facilitate the addition of fluoride ions to organic molecules. Additionally, it serves as a starting material for the preparation of niobium metal, which has applications in [[superconductors]] and [[alloys]] with unique mechanical properties.
+Niobium(V) fluoride can be synthesized by the direct fluorination of [[niobium]] metal or niobium compounds such as [[niobium pentoxide]] (Nb_O_). The reaction is typically carried out at elevated temperatures in the presence of a fluorine source, such as [[fluorine gas]] or [[hydrogen fluoride]].
-==Safety==
+== Applications ==
-Handling niobium(V) fluoride requires caution due to its corrosive nature and the potential release of HF upon contact with moisture. Appropriate safety measures, including the use of [[personal protective equipment]] (PPE) and working in a well-ventilated area or fume hood, are essential to prevent exposure.
+Niobium(V) fluoride is used as a catalyst in various chemical reactions, particularly in the field of [[organic chemistry]]. It is also employed in the synthesis of other niobium compounds and in the production of [[superconducting materials]]. Due to its ability to form strong bonds with fluorine, it is used in the preparation of [[fluorinated compounds]].
+== Safety and Handling ==
+Niobium(V) fluoride is highly corrosive and must be handled with care. It reacts violently with water and moisture, releasing toxic [[hydrofluoric acid]]. Proper safety equipment, such as gloves and eye protection, should be used when handling this compound. It should be stored in a dry, inert atmosphere to prevent decomposition.
+== Related pages ==
+* [[Niobium]]
+* [[Fluorine]]
+* [[Transition metal fluorides]]
+* [[Hydrofluoric acid]]
-[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
 [[Category:Niobium compounds]]
 [[Category:Fluorides]]
 [[Category:Inorganic compounds]]
-{{Chem-stub}}