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	~~'''~~Vigna subterranea~~''' (~~also known as ~~'''~~Bambara groundnut''', '''Bambara-bean''', or '''Bambara nut''') is a member of the family [[Fabaceae]]. The plant is an annual herbaceous legume and is indigenous to [[Sub-Saharan Africa]]. The name 'Bambara' comes from the [[Bambara people]] who cultivate this crop in the [[West Africa\|West African]] region.		{{short description\|An article about Vigna subterranea, also known as Bambara groundnut}}

	== ~~Description~~ ==		==Vigna subterranea==
	~~The~~ '''Vigna subterranea''' plant ~~is erect and can grow up~~ to ~~0.75 m high~~. It ~~has trifoliate leaves, similar to other members~~ of the [[Fabaceae]] family~~. The flowers~~ are ~~self-pollinating,~~ and ~~the pods develop underground, much like the [[peanut]]. Each pod contains one to two seeds~~.		[[File:Vigna_subterranea.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Vigna subterranea plant with pods]]
			'''Vigna subterranea''', commonly known as the '''Bambara groundnut''', is a leguminous plant native to Africa. It is a member of the [[Fabaceae]] family and is cultivated for its edible seeds, which are rich in protein and essential nutrients.

	== ~~Cultivation~~ ==		==Description==
	~~'''~~Vigna subterranea~~'''~~ is ~~primarily cultivated in the [[Sahel]] region~~, which ~~stretches across Africa from~~ [[~~Senegal]] to [[Sudan~~]]. ~~It is also grown in parts of [[Southern Africa]]~~, ~~including [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]]~~, and ~~[[South Africa]]~~. ~~The plant prefers sandy soil and requires~~ a ~~good amount of sunlight to grow. It is a hardy~~ plant ~~and can tolerate drought conditions~~.		Vigna subterranea is a herbaceous plant that grows as a low, spreading vine. The plant has trifoliate leaves, which are typical of the [[Fabaceae]] family. The flowers are small, yellow, and self-pollinating. After pollination, the flowers develop into pods that mature underground, a unique characteristic that gives the plant its name "subterranea."

	== ~~Uses~~ ==		==Cultivation==
	~~The seeds~~ of ~~'''Vigna subterranea''' are high in protein and are often used as a food source in~~ Africa. ~~They can be eaten fresh or dried and are used~~ in ~~a variety of dishes~~. The ~~seeds can also be ground into a flour~~ and ~~used for baking. In addition to its use as a food source,~~ the ~~plant is also used in traditional medicine in some African cultures~~.		Bambara groundnut is well-suited to the semi-arid regions of Africa due to its drought tolerance. It is often grown in poor soils where other crops may not thrive. The plant is typically sown at the beginning of the rainy season and harvested after the pods have matured underground.

	== Nutritional Value ==		==Nutritional Value==
	The seeds of ~~'''~~Vigna subterranea~~'''~~ are ~~rich in~~ protein, ~~carbohydrates~~, and ~~essential minerals~~. They are a good source of ~~dietary fiber and contain significant amounts of B vitamins, particularly [[Thiamine\|thiamin]] and [[Riboflavin\|riboflavin]]. The seeds also contain~~ essential amino acids, ~~including [[Lysine\|lysine]]~~ and ~~[[Methionine\|methionine]]~~.		The seeds of Vigna subterranea are highly nutritious, containing approximately 18-24% protein, 6-8% fat, and 60-65% carbohydrates. They are also a good source of essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, making them an important food source in many African communities.

	== ~~See Also~~ ==		==Uses==
	* [[Vigna radiata]]		Bambara groundnut seeds can be consumed in various forms. They can be boiled, roasted, or ground into flour. The flour is often used to make porridge or added to soups and stews. In some regions, the seeds are fermented to produce a traditional dish known as "dawadawa."
	* [[Vigna unguiculata]]
	* [[Vigna angularis]]

	[[Category:~~Legumes~~]]		==Agricultural Importance==
	[[Category:~~African cuisine~~]]		Vigna subterranea plays a significant role in sustainable agriculture. It is a nitrogen-fixing plant, which improves soil fertility and reduces the need for chemical fertilizers. This makes it an important crop for intercropping systems and for maintaining soil health.
	[[Category:~~Edible nuts and seeds~~]]
	~~{{food-stub}}~~		==Challenges==
			Despite its benefits, the cultivation of Bambara groundnut faces challenges such as limited genetic diversity and susceptibility to pests and diseases. Research is ongoing to improve the yield and resilience of this crop through breeding programs and agricultural innovations.

			==Related pages==
			* [[Fabaceae]]
			* [[Legume]]
			* [[Nitrogen fixation]]
			* [[Sustainable agriculture]]

			[[Category:Fabaceae]]
			[[Category:Edible legumes]]
			[[Category:Agriculture in Africa]]

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'''Vigna subterranea''' (also known as '''Bambara groundnut''', '''Bambara-bean''', or '''Bambara nut''') is a member of the family [[Fabaceae]]. The plant is an annual herbaceous legume and is indigenous to [[Sub-Saharan Africa]]. The name 'Bambara' comes from the [[Bambara people]] who cultivate this crop in the [[West Africa|West African]] region.

== Description ==
The '''Vigna subterranea''' plant is erect and can grow up to 0.75 m high. It has trifoliate leaves, similar to other members of the [[Fabaceae]] family. The flowers are self-pollinating, and the pods develop underground, much like the [[peanut]]. Each pod contains one to two seeds.

== Cultivation ==
'''Vigna subterranea''' is primarily cultivated in the [[Sahel]] region, which stretches across Africa from [[Senegal]] to [[Sudan]]. It is also grown in parts of [[Southern Africa]], including [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], and [[South Africa]]. The plant prefers sandy soil and requires a good amount of sunlight to grow. It is a hardy plant and can tolerate drought conditions.

== Uses ==
The seeds of '''Vigna subterranea''' are high in protein and are often used as a food source in Africa. They can be eaten fresh or dried and are used in a variety of dishes. The seeds can also be ground into a flour and used for baking. In addition to its use as a food source, the plant is also used in traditional medicine in some African cultures.

== Nutritional Value ==
The seeds of '''Vigna subterranea''' are rich in protein, carbohydrates, and essential minerals. They are a good source of dietary fiber and contain significant amounts of B vitamins, particularly [[Thiamine|thiamin]] and [[Riboflavin|riboflavin]]. The seeds also contain essential amino acids, including [[Lysine|lysine]] and [[Methionine|methionine]].

== See Also ==
* [[Vigna radiata]]
* [[Vigna unguiculata]]
* [[Vigna angularis]]

[[Category:Legumes]]
[[Category:African cuisine]]
[[Category:Edible nuts and seeds]]
{{food-stub}}

Vigna subterranea - Revision history

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