Tympanic plexus - Revision history

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	{{Short description\|A network of nerves in the middle ear}}		{{Short description\|A network of nerves in the middle ear}}
	~~{{Use dmy dates\|date=October 2023}}~~

	The '''tympanic plexus''' is a network of nerves located in the middle ear. It ~~is primarily involved~~ in the innervation of the mucous membrane of the middle ear ~~cavity~~, the ~~mastoid air cells~~, and the ~~auditory tube~~.		The '''tympanic plexus''' is a network of nerves located in the [[middle ear]]. It plays a crucial role in the innervation of the [[tympanic cavity]] and the [[mucous membrane]] of the [[middle ear]]. This plexus is primarily formed by the [[tympanic nerve]], a branch of the [[glossopharyngeal nerve]] (cranial nerve IX), and receives contributions from the [[carotid plexus]].

	==Anatomy==		==Anatomy==
	The tympanic plexus is ~~formed~~ on the promontory of the middle ear ~~by the [[tympanic nerve~~]], a ~~branch~~ of the ~~[[glossopharyngeal~~ nerve~~]] (cranial~~ nerve ~~IX),~~ and ~~by sympathetic~~ fibers ~~from the [[carotid plexus]]~~.		The tympanic plexus is situated on the promontory of the [[middle ear]], which is a rounded eminence on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity. The plexus is formed by the tympanic nerve, which enters the middle ear through the tympanic canaliculus. This nerve carries both sensory and parasympathetic fibers.

	===~~Tympanic nerve~~===		===Components===
	~~The tympanic~~ nerve ~~arises from the inferior ganglion~~ of the glossopharyngeal nerve~~. It~~ enters the middle ear ~~through the tympanic canaliculus~~ and ~~contributes to the formation of~~ the tympanic plexus.		* '''Tympanic nerve''': A branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve, it enters the middle ear and forms the tympanic plexus on the promontory.
			* '''Carotid plexus''': Sympathetic fibers from the carotid plexus join the tympanic plexus, contributing to its formation.
	~~===~~Sympathetic fibers~~===~~
	~~The sympathetic fibers that contribute to the tympanic plexus originate~~ from the ~~[[superior cervical ganglion]] and reach the~~ plexus ~~via~~ the ~~carotid~~ plexus.

	===Branches===		===Branches===
	The tympanic plexus gives rise to several branches:		The tympanic plexus gives rise to several branches that supply the mucous membrane of the middle ear, the mastoid air cells, and the auditory tube. One of the significant branches is the [[lesser petrosal nerve]], which carries parasympathetic fibers to the [[otic ganglion]].
	* The lesser petrosal nerve, which carries parasympathetic fibers to the [[otic ganglion]].
	* Branches that supply the mucous membrane of the middle ear, mastoid air cells, and the auditory tube.

	==Function==		==Function==
	The primary function of the tympanic plexus is to provide sensory innervation to the mucous membrane of the middle ear ~~and to carry~~ parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion. ~~These parasympathetic~~ fibers are involved in ~~the regulation of secretions from the parotid gland~~.		The primary function of the tympanic plexus is to provide sensory innervation to the mucous membrane of the middle ear. It also supplies parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland via the lesser petrosal nerve and the otic ganglion. The sympathetic fibers from the carotid plexus are involved in vasomotor control.

	==Clinical significance==		==Clinical significance==
	~~Damage to~~ the tympanic plexus can ~~result in loss of sensation in the middle~~ ear and ~~may affect the function~~ of the parotid gland. ~~Conditions~~ such as [[~~glossopharyngeal neuralgia~~]] can ~~involve~~ the tympanic plexus, leading to pain ~~in the ear and throat~~.		Disorders of the tympanic plexus can lead to various symptoms, including ear pain and dysfunction of the parotid gland. Infections or inflammations of the middle ear, such as [[otitis media]], can affect the tympanic plexus, leading to referred pain or altered sensation.

	==Images==		==Images==
	[[File:Gray911.png\|thumb\|Diagram of the tympanic plexus on the promontory of the middle ear.]]		[[File:Gray911.png\|thumb\|right\|Diagram of the tympanic plexus on the promontory of the middle ear.]]
	[[File:Gray788.png\|thumb\|The course ~~and connections~~ of the glossopharyngeal nerve, including the tympanic nerve.]]		[[File:Gray788.png\|thumb\|left\|The course of the glossopharyngeal nerve, showing its branches including the tympanic nerve.]]

	==Related pages==		==Related pages==
			* [[Middle ear]]
	* [[Glossopharyngeal nerve]]		* [[Glossopharyngeal nerve]]
	* [[Otic ganglion]]		* [[Otic ganglion]]
	* [[~~Middle ear~~]]		* [[Lesser petrosal nerve]]

	~~==References==~~
	* Standring, S. (2020). ''Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice''. 42nd edition. Elsevier.
	* Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2018). ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy''. 8th edition. Wolters Kluwer.

	[[Category:~~Human anatomy~~]]		[[Category:Anatomy of the human ear]]
	[[Category:Peripheral nervous system]]		[[Category:Peripheral nervous system]]
	~~<gallery>~~
	~~File:Tympanic_plexus.png\|Tympanic plexus~~
	~~File:Gray911.png\|Gray's Anatomy Plate 911~~
	~~File:Gray788.png\|Gray's Anatomy Plate 788~~
	~~</gallery>~~

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	[[Category:Human anatomy]]		[[Category:Human anatomy]]
	[[Category:Peripheral nervous system]]		[[Category:Peripheral nervous system]]
			<gallery>
			File:Tympanic_plexus.png\|Tympanic plexus
			File:Gray911.png\|Gray's Anatomy Plate 911
			File:Gray788.png\|Gray's Anatomy Plate 788
			</gallery>

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← Older revision		Revision as of 16:15, 9 February 2025
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	~~'''Tympanic Plexus'''~~		{{Short description\|A network of nerves in the middle ear}}
			{{Use dmy dates\|date=October 2023}}

	The '''~~Tympanic Plexus~~''' is a network of ~~nerve fibers~~ located in the middle ear. It is ~~derived from~~ the ~~[[glossopharyngeal nerve]] and provides sensory~~ innervation to the mucous membrane of the middle ear, mastoid air cells, and ~~pharyngotympanic~~ tube.		The '''tympanic plexus''' is a network of nerves located in the middle ear. It is primarily involved in the innervation of the mucous membrane of the middle ear cavity, the mastoid air cells, and the auditory tube.

	==~~Etymology~~==		==Anatomy==
			The tympanic plexus is formed on the promontory of the middle ear by the [[tympanic nerve]], a branch of the [[glossopharyngeal nerve]] (cranial nerve IX), and by sympathetic fibers from the [[carotid plexus]].

	The ~~term "~~tympanic~~" is derived~~ from the ~~Greek word "tympanon", which means drum~~. ~~This is in reference to the tympanic membrane or eardrum, which is a key structure in~~ the middle ear~~. The term "plexus" is derived from~~ the ~~Latin word for braid, referring~~ to the ~~network~~ of ~~nerves~~.		===Tympanic nerve===
			The tympanic nerve arises from the inferior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve. It enters the middle ear through the tympanic canaliculus and contributes to the formation of the tympanic plexus.

	==~~Anatomy~~==		===Sympathetic fibers===
			The sympathetic fibers that contribute to the tympanic plexus originate from the [[superior cervical ganglion]] and reach the plexus via the carotid plexus.

	The ~~Tympanic Plexus is formed by the~~ tympanic nerve~~, a branch of the [[glossopharyngeal nerve]], and the caroticotympanic nerves~~, which ~~are sympathetic nerve~~ fibers ~~from~~ the [[~~carotid plexus~~]]. ~~It is located on~~ the ~~promontory~~ of the middle ear, ~~a rounded hollow prominence formed by~~ the ~~first turn of the cochlea of the inner ear~~.		===Branches===
			The tympanic plexus gives rise to several branches:
			* The lesser petrosal nerve, which carries parasympathetic fibers to the [[otic ganglion]].
			* Branches that supply the mucous membrane of the middle ear, mastoid air cells, and the auditory tube.

	==Function==		==Function==
			The primary function of the tympanic plexus is to provide sensory innervation to the mucous membrane of the middle ear and to carry parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion. These parasympathetic fibers are involved in the regulation of secretions from the parotid gland.

	The Tympanic Plexus provides sensory innervation to the mucous membrane of the middle ear, mastoid air cells, and pharyngotympanic tube. It also carries parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland via the lesser petrosal nerve.		==Clinical significance==
			Damage to the tympanic plexus can result in loss of sensation in the middle ear and may affect the function of the parotid gland. Conditions such as [[glossopharyngeal neuralgia]] can involve the tympanic plexus, leading to pain in the ear and throat.
	==Clinical ~~Significance~~==

	Damage to the ~~Tympanic Plexus~~ can result in a loss of sensation in the ~~areas it supplies~~. ~~This can lead to complications~~ such as [[~~otitis media~~]], ~~a middle~~ ear ~~infection, or [[mastoiditis]], an infection of the mastoid bone~~.

	==~~Related Terms~~==		==Images==
			[[File:Gray911.png\|thumb\|Diagram of the tympanic plexus on the promontory of the middle ear.]]
			[[File:Gray788.png\|thumb\|The course and connections of the glossopharyngeal nerve, including the tympanic nerve.]]

	* [[Glossopharyngeal nerve]]~~: A cranial nerve that supplies the Tympanic Plexus.~~		==Related pages==
	* [[Carotid plexus]]: A network of nerves from which the Tympanic Plexus receives sympathetic nerve fibers.		* [[Glossopharyngeal nerve]]
	* [[~~Otitis media~~]]~~: A condition that can result from damage to the Tympanic Plexus.~~		* [[Otic ganglion]]
	* [[~~Mastoiditis~~]]~~: Another potential complication of Tympanic Plexus damage.~~		* [[Middle ear]]

	~~[[Category:~~Anatomy]]		==References==
	~~[[Category~~:~~Neurology]]~~		* Standring, S. (2020). ''Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice''. 42nd edition. Elsevier.
	~~[[Category:Otorhinolaryngology]]~~		* Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2018). ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy''. 8th edition. Wolters Kluwer.

	~~{{stub}}~~		[[Category:Human anatomy]]
			[[Category:Peripheral nervous system]]

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New page

'''Tympanic Plexus'''

The '''Tympanic Plexus''' is a network of nerve fibers located in the middle ear. It is derived from the [[glossopharyngeal nerve]] and provides sensory innervation to the mucous membrane of the middle ear, mastoid air cells, and pharyngotympanic tube.

==Etymology==

The term "tympanic" is derived from the Greek word "tympanon", which means drum. This is in reference to the tympanic membrane or eardrum, which is a key structure in the middle ear. The term "plexus" is derived from the Latin word for braid, referring to the network of nerves.

==Anatomy==

The Tympanic Plexus is formed by the tympanic nerve, a branch of the [[glossopharyngeal nerve]], and the caroticotympanic nerves, which are sympathetic nerve fibers from the [[carotid plexus]]. It is located on the promontory of the middle ear, a rounded hollow prominence formed by the first turn of the cochlea of the inner ear.

==Function==

The Tympanic Plexus provides sensory innervation to the mucous membrane of the middle ear, mastoid air cells, and pharyngotympanic tube. It also carries parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland via the lesser petrosal nerve.

==Clinical Significance==

Damage to the Tympanic Plexus can result in a loss of sensation in the areas it supplies. This can lead to complications such as [[otitis media]], a middle ear infection, or [[mastoiditis]], an infection of the mastoid bone.

==Related Terms==

* [[Glossopharyngeal nerve]]: A cranial nerve that supplies the Tympanic Plexus.
* [[Carotid plexus]]: A network of nerves from which the Tympanic Plexus receives sympathetic nerve fibers.
* [[Otitis media]]: A condition that can result from damage to the Tympanic Plexus.
* [[Mastoiditis]]: Another potential complication of Tympanic Plexus damage.

[[Category:Anatomy]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Otorhinolaryngology]]

{{stub}}