Trillium undulatum - Revision history

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	~~{{short description\|Species of flowering plant}}~~
	{{Taxobox		{{Taxobox
	\| name = Trillium undulatum		\| name = Trillium undulatum
	\| image = Trillium_undulatum.jpg		\| image = Trillium_undulatum.jpg
	\| image_caption = Trillium undulatum in bloom		\| image_caption = ''Trillium undulatum'' in bloom
	\| regnum = Plantae		\| regnum = Plantae
	\| unranked_divisio = Angiosperms		\| unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
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	\| familia = Melanthiaceae		\| familia = Melanthiaceae
	\| genus = Trillium		\| genus = Trillium
	\| species = '''T. undulatum'''		\| species = ''T. undulatum''
	\| binomial = ''Trillium undulatum''		\| binomial = ''Trillium undulatum''
	\| binomial_authority = Willd.		\| binomial_authority = Willd.
	}}		}}

	'''''Trillium undulatum''''', commonly known as the painted trillium, is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Melanthiaceae]]. It is native to the northeastern [[United States]] and eastern [[Canada]].		'''''Trillium undulatum''''', commonly known as the painted trillium, is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Melanthiaceae]]. It is native to the northeastern [[United States]] and eastern [[Canada]]. This perennial herbaceous plant is noted for its striking white flowers with a distinctive pink or purple ring at the base of each petal.

	==Description==		==Description==
	''Trillium undulatum'' is a perennial ~~herbaceous plant~~ that grows from a rhizome. It typically reaches a height of 15 to 40 cm. ~~The plant is characterized by its~~ three ~~broad~~, ~~wavy-margined leaves that are arranged~~ in ~~a whorl~~. The leaves are ~~typically green with~~ a ~~distinctive mottled pattern~~.		[[File:Trillium_undulatum.jpg\|thumb\|left\|''Trillium undulatum'' in bloom]]
			''Trillium undulatum'' is a perennial herb that grows from a rhizome. The plant typically reaches a height of 15 to 40 cm. It has a single whorl of three leaves, each leaf being broadly ovate and measuring 5 to 10 cm in length. The leaves are sessile and have a wavy margin, which is a characteristic feature of this species.

	The flower of ''T. undulatum'' is ~~its most striking feature. It has~~ three white petals with a central pink or ~~red~~ "V"~~-shaped marking~~. The ~~petals~~ are ~~wavy~~ and ~~can be up to 5 cm long. The flower blooms in late spring to early summer~~.		The flower of ''T. undulatum'' is solitary and terminal, with three white petals that are 2.5 to 4 cm long. The petals are marked with a central pink or purple stripe, giving the flower its "painted" appearance. The sepals are green and lanceolate, and the plant has six stamens and a three-lobed ovary.

	==Distribution and ~~habitat~~==		==Distribution and Habitat==
	''Trillium undulatum'' is found in ~~cool, moist, acidic woodlands. It prefers shaded areas with rich, well-drained soil. The species is distributed across~~ the northeastern United States, including states such as [[Maine]], [[New York]], and [[Pennsylvania]]~~, and extends into~~ eastern Canada, ~~including~~ [[Quebec]] and [[Nova Scotia]].		[[File:Trillium_undulatum_in_the_USA.svg\|thumb\|right\|Distribution map in the USA]]
			''Trillium undulatum'' is found in the northeastern United States, including states such as [[Maine]], [[New Hampshire]], [[Vermont]], [[New York]], and [[Pennsylvania]]. It also occurs in eastern Canada, particularly in [[Quebec]] and [[Nova Scotia]].

			This species prefers cool, moist, acidic soils and is commonly found in coniferous and mixed wood forests. It thrives in shaded areas with rich, organic matter.

	==Ecology==		==Ecology==
	~~The painted trillium~~ is pollinated by insects, ~~including~~ bees ~~and flies~~. The plant's seeds are dispersed by ants, a process known as myrmecochory. The seeds have a fleshy appendage called an elaiosome, which ~~attracts~~ ants.		[[File:2014-05-20_Bloc_B_JPA_(3).jpg\|thumb\|left\|Habitat of ''T. undulatum'']]
			''Trillium undulatum'' is an important component of the forest understory. It is pollinated by insects, particularly bees, which are attracted to its colorful flowers. The plant's seeds are dispersed by ants, a process known as myrmecochory. The seeds have a fleshy appendage called an elaiosome, which is attractive to ants.

			==Reproduction==
			[[File:Trillium_undulatum_seedling_Vermont_August_2021.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Seedling in Vermont]]
			''Trillium undulatum'' reproduces both sexually, through seed production, and asexually, through rhizome division. The seeds require a period of cold stratification to germinate, which typically occurs in the spring following dispersal.

			==Variants==
			[[File:Trillium_undulatum_(four-leaf)_Vermont_2019-07-18.jpg\|thumb\|left\|Four-leaf variant]]
			Occasionally, ''T. undulatum'' may exhibit a four-leaf variant, although this is rare. The genetic basis for this variation is not well understood.

	==Conservation==		==Conservation==
	''Trillium undulatum'' is ~~considered~~ to ~~be of conservation concern in some areas due to habitat loss~~ and ~~over-collection~~. ~~Efforts to conserve~~ its habitat ~~are important~~ for ~~maintaining healthy populations of this species~~.		''Trillium undulatum'' is not currently listed as threatened or endangered, but its habitat is sensitive to environmental changes such as logging and land development. Conservation efforts focus on preserving its natural habitat and maintaining the ecological conditions necessary for its survival.

			==Related pages==
			* [[Trillium]]
			* [[Melanthiaceae]]
			* [[Myrmecochory]]

	==Gallery==		==Gallery==
	<gallery>		<gallery>
	~~File:Trillium_undulatum.jpg\|''Trillium undulatum'' in bloom~~
	~~File:Trillium_undulatum_seedling_Vermont_August_2021.jpg\|Seedling in Vermont~~
	~~File:2014-05-20_Bloc_B_JPA_(3).jpg\|Habitat of ''T. undulatum''~~
	File:Trillium_fruit.jpg\|Fruit of ''T. undulatum''		File:Trillium_fruit.jpg\|Fruit of ''T. undulatum''
	File:Trillium_undulatum_seeds_Vermont_August_2020.jpg\|Seeds of ''T. undulatum''		File:Trillium_undulatum_seeds_Vermont_August_2020.jpg\|Seeds of ''T. undulatum''
	~~File:Trillium_undulatum_(four-leaf)_Vermont_2019-07-18.jpg\|Four-leaf variant~~
	~~File:Trillium_undulatum_in_the_USA.svg\|Distribution map in the USA~~
	</gallery>		</gallery>

	~~==Related pages==~~
	* [[Trillium]]
	* [[Melanthiaceae]]
	* [[Myrmecochory]]

	~~==References==~~
	* Case, F. W., & Case, R. B. (1997). ''Trilliums''. Timber Press.
	* Gleason, H. A., & Cronquist, A. (1991). ''Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada''. New York Botanical Garden.

	[[Category:Trillium\|undulatum]]		[[Category:Trillium\|undulatum]]
	[[Category:Flora of the ~~Northeastern~~ United States]]		[[Category:Flora of the United States]]
	[[Category:Flora of ~~Eastern~~ Canada]]		[[Category:Flora of Canada]]
	~~<gallery>~~		[[Category:Plants described in 1805]]
	~~File~~:~~Trillium_undulatum.jpg\|Trillium undulatum~~
	~~File:Trillium_undulatum_seedling_Vermont_August_2021.jpg\|Trillium undulatum seedling~~ in ~~Vermont, August 2021~~
	~~File:2014-05-20_Bloc_B_JPA_(3).jpg\|Trillium undulatum~~
	~~File:Trillium_fruit.jpg\|Trillium fruit~~
	~~File:Trillium_undulatum_seeds_Vermont_August_2020.jpg\|Trillium undulatum seeds in Vermont, August 2020~~
	~~File:Trillium_undulatum_(four-leaf)_Vermont_2019-07-18.jpg\|Trillium undulatum (four-leaf) in Vermont, July 18, 2019~~
	~~File:Trillium_undulatum_in_the_USA.svg\|Trillium undulatum in the USA~~
	~~</gallery>~~

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2025-02-18T11:32:43Z

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	[[Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States]]		[[Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States]]
	[[Category:Flora of Eastern Canada]]		[[Category:Flora of Eastern Canada]]
			<gallery>
			File:Trillium_undulatum.jpg\|Trillium undulatum
			File:Trillium_undulatum_seedling_Vermont_August_2021.jpg\|Trillium undulatum seedling in Vermont, August 2021
			File:2014-05-20_Bloc_B_JPA_(3).jpg\|Trillium undulatum
			File:Trillium_fruit.jpg\|Trillium fruit
			File:Trillium_undulatum_seeds_Vermont_August_2020.jpg\|Trillium undulatum seeds in Vermont, August 2020
			File:Trillium_undulatum_(four-leaf)_Vermont_2019-07-18.jpg\|Trillium undulatum (four-leaf) in Vermont, July 18, 2019
			File:Trillium_undulatum_in_the_USA.svg\|Trillium undulatum in the USA
			</gallery>

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2025-02-10T00:40:46Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 00:40, 10 February 2025
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	'''~~Trillium~~ undulatum''' ~~is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Melanthiaceae]]. It is commonly known as the~~ ''~~'Painted~~ Trillium''' due to its distinctive, three-petaled white flowers with a central splash of red. This perennial herb is native to the eastern [[United States]] and [[Canada]], where it is found in rich, moist, deciduous or mixed forests.		{{short description\|Species of flowering plant}}
			{{Taxobox
			\| name = Trillium undulatum
			\| image = Trillium_undulatum.jpg
			\| image_caption = Trillium undulatum in bloom
			\| regnum = Plantae
			\| unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
			\| unranked_classis = Monocots
			\| ordo = Liliales
			\| familia = Melanthiaceae
			\| genus = Trillium
			\| species = '''T. undulatum'''
			\| binomial = ''Trillium undulatum''
			\| binomial_authority = Willd.
			}}

	~~== Description ==~~		'''''Trillium undulatum''''', commonly known as the painted trillium, is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Melanthiaceae]]. It is native to the northeastern [[United States]] and eastern [[Canada]].
	[[Trillium undulatum]] is a ~~perennial herb that grows up to 40 cm tall. The~~ plant ~~has a single, unbranched stem with a whorl of three leaves at~~ the ~~top~~. ~~The leaves are broadly ovate, up~~ to ~~15 cm long and 11 cm wide, with a pointed tip and a wavy margin. The flowers are solitary, borne on a short stalk above~~ the ~~leaves. They have three white petals, each with a central red stripe,~~ and ~~three green sepals. The fruit is a red berry~~.

	== ~~Distribution and habitat~~ ==		==Description==
	~~The Painted~~ Trillium is ~~native to the eastern United States and Canada~~. ~~Its range extends from [[Nova Scotia]] and [[Quebec]] in the north, south~~ to ~~[[Georgia]] and west to [[Michigan]] and [[Minnesota]]~~. It is ~~found in rich, moist, deciduous or mixed forests~~, ~~often~~ in ~~the shade of mature trees~~.		''Trillium undulatum'' is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows from a rhizome. It typically reaches a height of 15 to 40 cm. The plant is characterized by its three broad, wavy-margined leaves that are arranged in a whorl. The leaves are typically green with a distinctive mottled pattern.

	~~== Ecology ==~~		The flower of ''T. undulatum'' is its most striking feature. It has three white petals with a central pink or red "V"-shaped marking. The petals are wavy and can be up to 5 cm long. The flower blooms in late spring to early summer.
	~~[[Trillium~~ undulatum]] is a ~~spring ephemeral, flowering in May and June before the canopy of the forest closes~~. The ~~flowers~~ are ~~pollinated by insects, including bees~~ and ~~flies~~. The ~~seeds are dispersed by ants, which are attracted to the elaiosomes, a fleshy structure attached~~ to ~~the seeds~~.

	== ~~Conservation~~ ==		==Distribution and habitat==
	~~The Painted~~ Trillium is ~~not currently considered to be at risk of extinction~~. ~~However~~, ~~like all~~ species of [[~~Trillium~~]], ~~it is sensitive to habitat disturbance~~ and ~~loss. In some parts of its range~~, ~~it is protected by law~~.		''Trillium undulatum'' is found in cool, moist, acidic woodlands. It prefers shaded areas with rich, well-drained soil. The species is distributed across the northeastern United States, including states such as [[Maine]], [[New York]], and [[Pennsylvania]], and extends into eastern Canada, including [[Quebec]] and [[Nova Scotia]].

	== ~~Cultivation~~ ==		==Ecology==
	~~[[Trillium undulatum]]~~ is ~~sometimes grown~~ as ~~an ornamental plant in gardens~~. ~~It prefers~~ a ~~shady location and well-drained~~, ~~humus-rich soil~~.		The painted trillium is pollinated by insects, including bees and flies. The plant's seeds are dispersed by ants, a process known as myrmecochory. The seeds have a fleshy appendage called an elaiosome, which attracts ants.

	== ~~References~~ ==		==Conservation==
	~~<references />~~		''Trillium undulatum'' is considered to be of conservation concern in some areas due to habitat loss and over-collection. Efforts to conserve its habitat are important for maintaining healthy populations of this species.

	[[~~Category:Flora~~ of ~~the Eastern~~ United States]]		==Gallery==
	[[Category:Flora of ~~Canada~~]]		<gallery>
	[[Category:~~Melanthiaceae~~]]		File:Trillium_undulatum.jpg\|''Trillium undulatum'' in bloom
	~~{{Melanthiaceae-stub}}~~		File:Trillium_undulatum_seedling_Vermont_August_2021.jpg\|Seedling in Vermont
			File:2014-05-20_Bloc_B_JPA_(3).jpg\|Habitat of ''T. undulatum''
			File:Trillium_fruit.jpg\|Fruit of ''T. undulatum''
			File:Trillium_undulatum_seeds_Vermont_August_2020.jpg\|Seeds of ''T. undulatum''
			File:Trillium_undulatum_(four-leaf)_Vermont_2019-07-18.jpg\|Four-leaf variant
			File:Trillium_undulatum_in_the_USA.svg\|Distribution map in the USA
			</gallery>

			==Related pages==
			* [[Trillium]]
			* [[Melanthiaceae]]
			* [[Myrmecochory]]

			==References==
			* Case, F. W., & Case, R. B. (1997). ''Trilliums''. Timber Press.
			* Gleason, H. A., & Cronquist, A. (1991). ''Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada''. New York Botanical Garden.

			[[Category:Trillium\|undulatum]]
			[[Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States]]
			[[Category:Flora of Eastern Canada]]

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2024-03-05T05:41:21Z

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'''Trillium undulatum''' is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Melanthiaceae]]. It is commonly known as the '''Painted Trillium''' due to its distinctive, three-petaled white flowers with a central splash of red. This perennial herb is native to the eastern [[United States]] and [[Canada]], where it is found in rich, moist, deciduous or mixed forests.

== Description ==
[[Trillium undulatum]] is a perennial herb that grows up to 40 cm tall. The plant has a single, unbranched stem with a whorl of three leaves at the top. The leaves are broadly ovate, up to 15 cm long and 11 cm wide, with a pointed tip and a wavy margin. The flowers are solitary, borne on a short stalk above the leaves. They have three white petals, each with a central red stripe, and three green sepals. The fruit is a red berry.

== Distribution and habitat ==
The Painted Trillium is native to the eastern United States and Canada. Its range extends from [[Nova Scotia]] and [[Quebec]] in the north, south to [[Georgia]] and west to [[Michigan]] and [[Minnesota]]. It is found in rich, moist, deciduous or mixed forests, often in the shade of mature trees.

== Ecology ==
[[Trillium undulatum]] is a spring ephemeral, flowering in May and June before the canopy of the forest closes. The flowers are pollinated by insects, including bees and flies. The seeds are dispersed by ants, which are attracted to the elaiosomes, a fleshy structure attached to the seeds.

== Conservation ==
The Painted Trillium is not currently considered to be at risk of extinction. However, like all species of [[Trillium]], it is sensitive to habitat disturbance and loss. In some parts of its range, it is protected by law.

== Cultivation ==
[[Trillium undulatum]] is sometimes grown as an ornamental plant in gardens. It prefers a shady location and well-drained, humus-rich soil.

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Flora of the Eastern United States]]
[[Category:Flora of Canada]]
[[Category:Melanthiaceae]]
{{Melanthiaceae-stub}}