Transverse colon - Revision history

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	~~{{Short description\|Part of the large intestine}}~~		==Transverse Colon==
	~~{{Use dmy dates\|date~~=~~October 2023}}~~

	The '''transverse colon''' is ~~the longest and most movable~~ part of the [[large intestine]]. It ~~crosses~~ the abdomen from the [[right ~~colic flexure]]~~ to the [[~~left colic flexure~~]].		The '''transverse colon''' is a significant part of the [[large intestine]] in the human [[digestive system]]. It is the longest and most mobile part of the colon, extending across the abdomen from the right to the left side. This section of the colon plays a crucial role in the absorption of water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and in the storage of waste before it is excreted from the body.

			[[File:ColonTrasverso.png\|Diagram of the transverse colon\|thumb\|right]]

	==Anatomy==		==Anatomy==
	The transverse colon is ~~a continuation of~~ the [[ascending colon]] and ~~extends from~~ the ~~right colic flexure, also known as~~ the hepatic flexure, to the ~~left colic flexure~~, or splenic flexure. It is suspended by the [[transverse mesocolon]], ~~which~~ allows it to be quite mobile. The transverse colon is ~~located anterior to the~~ [[~~small intestine~~]] and is ~~bordered superiorly~~ by the [[~~stomach]~~] ~~and [[liver~~]].
			The transverse colon is located between the [[ascending colon]] and the [[descending colon]]. It begins at the hepatic flexure, where the ascending colon turns horizontally, and ends at the splenic flexure, where it turns downward to become the descending colon. The transverse colon is suspended by the [[transverse mesocolon]], a fold of [[peritoneum]] that allows it to be quite mobile within the abdominal cavity.

			[[File:Gray1223.png\|Anatomical illustration of the large intestine\|thumb\|left]]

			===Structure===

			The transverse colon is approximately 45-60 cm in length. It is covered by [[peritoneum]] and is attached to the posterior abdominal wall by the transverse mesocolon. The transverse colon is unique in that it is the only part of the colon that is completely invested in peritoneum, making it intraperitoneal.

			[[File:Dickdarm-Schema.svg\|Schematic of the large intestine\|thumb\|right]]

	===Blood Supply===		===Blood Supply===
	The blood supply to the transverse colon is primarily from the [[middle colic artery]], a branch of the [[superior mesenteric artery]]. The [[inferior mesenteric artery]] also contributes via the left colic artery.

	~~===Innervation===~~		The blood supply to the transverse colon is primarily from the [[middle colic artery]], a branch of the [[superior mesenteric artery]]. The transverse colon also receives blood from the [[left colic artery]], a branch of the [[inferior mesenteric artery]], particularly near the splenic flexure.
	The transverse colon ~~receives its nerve supply~~ from the [[~~autonomic nervous system~~]]. The [[~~vagus nerve~~]] ~~provides parasympathetic innervation~~, ~~while sympathetic innervation is supplied by~~ the [[~~superior~~ mesenteric ~~plexus~~]].

	==Function==		==Function==
	The primary function of the transverse colon is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and to store waste products until they are ready to be eliminated from the body. It plays a ~~crucial~~ role in the ~~process~~ of [[~~digestion~~]] ~~and the formation of~~ [[~~feces~~]].
			The primary function of the transverse colon is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and to store waste products until they are ready to be eliminated from the body. The transverse colon also plays a role in the fermentation of unabsorbed material by [[gut flora]].

			[[File:Diameters_of_the_large_intestine.svg\|Diameters of the large intestine\|thumb\|left]]

	==Clinical Significance==		==Clinical Significance==
	The transverse colon can be involved in various medical conditions, such as [[colitis]], [[colon cancer]], and [[volvulus]]. It is also a common site for the accumulation of [[gas]] and can be affected by [[irritable bowel syndrome]] (IBS).

	==Related ~~pages~~==		The transverse colon can be involved in various medical conditions, such as [[colonic volvulus]], where the colon twists on itself, or [[colitis]], an inflammation of the colon. It is also a common site for the development of [[colorectal cancer]].

			[[File:Illu_intestine.jpg\|Illustration of the intestines\|thumb\|right]]

			==Surgical Considerations==

			In surgical procedures involving the transverse colon, such as a [[colectomy]], care must be taken to preserve the blood supply from the middle colic artery. The mobility of the transverse colon due to its mesocolon can be advantageous in certain surgical reconstructions.

			[[File:Gray989.png\|Anatomy of the digestive system\|thumb\|left]]

			==Related Pages==

	* [[Large intestine]]		* [[Large intestine]]
	* [[Digestive system]]		* [[Digestive system]]
	* [[~~Colon (anatomy)~~]]		* [[Colorectal cancer]]
			* [[Colitis]]

			[[File:Gray1034.png\|The colon and its parts\|thumb\|right]]

	==Gallery==		==Gallery==

	<gallery>		<gallery>
	~~File:ColonTrasverso.png\|Diagram of the transverse colon~~
	~~File:Gray1223.png\|Anatomical illustration of the large intestine~~
	~~File:Dickdarm-Schema.svg\|Schematic of the large intestine~~
	~~File:Diameters_of_the_large_intestine.svg\|Diameters of the large intestine~~
	~~File:Illu_intestine.jpg\|Illustration of the intestines~~
	~~File:Gray989.png\|Anatomy of the digestive system~~
	~~File:Gray1034.png\|The colon and its parts~~
	File:Digestive_system_diagram_en.svg\|Diagram of the digestive system		File:Digestive_system_diagram_en.svg\|Diagram of the digestive system
	~~File:Transverse_colon.jpg\|Image of the transverse colon~~
	</gallery>		</gallery>

	~~==References==~~
	* Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2013). ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy''. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
	* Standring, S. (2015). ''Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice''. Elsevier Health Sciences.

	[[Category:Digestive system]]		[[Category:Digestive system]]
	[[Category:~~Large intestine~~]]		[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
	~~<gallery>~~
	~~File:ColonTrasverso.png\|Transverse colon~~
	~~File:Gray1223.png\|Gray's Anatomy illustration of the transverse colon~~
	~~File:Dickdarm-Schema.svg\|Diagram of the large intestine~~
	~~File:Diameters_of_the_large_intestine.svg\|Diameters of the large intestine~~
	~~File:illu_intestine.jpg\|Illustration of the intestine~~
	~~File:Gray989.png\|Gray's Anatomy illustration of the digestive system~~
	~~File:Gray1034.png\|Gray's Anatomy illustration of the colon~~
	~~File:Digestive_system_diagram_en.svg\|Digestive system diagram~~
	~~File:Transverse_colon.jpg\|Transverse colon~~
	~~</gallery>~~

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	[[Category:Digestive system]]		[[Category:Digestive system]]
	[[Category:Large intestine]]		[[Category:Large intestine]]
			<gallery>
			File:ColonTrasverso.png\|Transverse colon
			File:Gray1223.png\|Gray's Anatomy illustration of the transverse colon
			File:Dickdarm-Schema.svg\|Diagram of the large intestine
			File:Diameters_of_the_large_intestine.svg\|Diameters of the large intestine
			File:illu_intestine.jpg\|Illustration of the intestine
			File:Gray989.png\|Gray's Anatomy illustration of the digestive system
			File:Gray1034.png\|Gray's Anatomy illustration of the colon
			File:Digestive_system_diagram_en.svg\|Digestive system diagram
			File:Transverse_colon.jpg\|Transverse colon
			</gallery>

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2025-02-10T00:42:26Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 00:42, 10 February 2025
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	~~'''Transverse colon'''~~		{{Short description\|Part of the large intestine}}
			{{Use dmy dates\|date=October 2023}}

	The '''~~[[Transverse~~ colon]]''' is the longest and most movable part of the [[~~colon (anatomy)\|colon~~]]~~, passing with a downward convexity~~ from the ~~right~~ [[~~hypochondriac region~~]] to ~~the left, where it curves sharply on itself beneath~~ the [[~~spleen]], forming the [[splenic~~ flexure]] ~~or left colic flexure~~.		The '''transverse colon''' is the longest and most movable part of the [[large intestine]]. It crosses the abdomen from the [[right colic flexure]] to the [[left colic flexure]].

	==Anatomy==		==Anatomy==
			The transverse colon is a continuation of the [[ascending colon]] and extends from the right colic flexure, also known as the hepatic flexure, to the left colic flexure, or splenic flexure. It is suspended by the [[transverse mesocolon]], which allows it to be quite mobile. The transverse colon is located anterior to the [[small intestine]] and is bordered superiorly by the [[stomach]] and [[liver]].

	The transverse colon ~~hangs off~~ the [[~~stomach~~]], ~~attached to it by~~ a ~~wide band~~ of ~~tissue called~~ the [[~~greater omentum~~]]. ~~On the posterior side, the transverse colon is connected to the posterior abdominal wall by a mesentery known as the~~ [[~~transverse mesocolon~~]].		===Blood Supply===
			The blood supply to the transverse colon is primarily from the [[middle colic artery]], a branch of the [[superior mesenteric artery]]. The [[inferior mesenteric artery]] also contributes via the left colic artery.

	The transverse colon ~~is encased in peritoneum~~, ~~and~~ is ~~therefore mobile (unlike~~ the [[~~retroperitoneal~~]] ~~ascending and descending colon)~~.		===Innervation===
			The transverse colon receives its nerve supply from the [[autonomic nervous system]]. The [[vagus nerve]] provides parasympathetic innervation, while sympathetic innervation is supplied by the [[superior mesenteric plexus]].

	==Function==		==Function==
			The primary function of the transverse colon is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and to store waste products until they are ready to be eliminated from the body. It plays a crucial role in the process of [[digestion]] and the formation of [[feces]].

	The ~~main function of the~~ transverse colon ~~is to extract water and nutrients from indigestible food matter~~, and ~~to process waste material in preparation~~ for ~~its elimination from~~ the ~~body~~.		==Clinical Significance==
			The transverse colon can be involved in various medical conditions, such as [[colitis]], [[colon cancer]], and [[volvulus]]. It is also a common site for the accumulation of [[gas]] and can be affected by [[irritable bowel syndrome]] (IBS).

	==~~Clinical significance~~==		==Related pages==
			* [[Large intestine]]
			* [[Digestive system]]
			* [[Colon (anatomy)]]

	~~Diseases~~ of the colon ~~that specifically affect~~ the ~~transverse colon are relatively rare, but can include [[colorectal cancer]], [[diverticulosis]], and [[inflammatory bowel disease]] such as [[ulcerative colitis]] or [[Crohn's disease]]~~.		==Gallery==
			<gallery>
	~~==See also==~~		File:ColonTrasverso.png\|Diagram of the transverse colon
			File:Gray1223.png\|Anatomical illustration of the large intestine
	* [[Ascending colon]]		File:Dickdarm-Schema.svg\|Schematic of the large intestine
	* [[Descending colon]]		File:Diameters_of_the_large_intestine.svg\|Diameters of the large intestine
	* [[Sigmoid colon]]		File:Illu_intestine.jpg\|Illustration of the intestines
	* [[Cecum]]		File:Gray989.png\|Anatomy of the digestive system
	* [[Appendix (anatomy)\|Appendix]]		File:Gray1034.png\|The colon and its parts
			File:Digestive_system_diagram_en.svg\|Diagram of the digestive system
			File:Transverse_colon.jpg\|Image of the transverse colon
			</gallery>

	==References==		==References==
			* Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2013). ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy''. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
	~~<references />~~		* Standring, S. (2015). ''Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice''. Elsevier Health Sciences.

	[[Category:Digestive system]]		[[Category:Digestive system]]
	[[Category:~~Abdomen~~]]		[[Category:Large intestine]]
	~~[[Category:Colon (anatomy)]]~~

	~~{{Digestive system}}~~
	~~{{Anatomy-stub}}~~

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2024-02-25T07:29:07Z

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'''Transverse colon'''

The '''[[Transverse colon]]''' is the longest and most movable part of the [[colon (anatomy)|colon]], passing with a downward convexity from the right [[hypochondriac region]] to the left, where it curves sharply on itself beneath the [[spleen]], forming the [[splenic flexure]] or left colic flexure.

==Anatomy==

The transverse colon hangs off the [[stomach]], attached to it by a wide band of tissue called the [[greater omentum]]. On the posterior side, the transverse colon is connected to the posterior abdominal wall by a mesentery known as the [[transverse mesocolon]].

The transverse colon is encased in peritoneum, and is therefore mobile (unlike the [[retroperitoneal]] ascending and descending colon).

==Function==

The main function of the transverse colon is to extract water and nutrients from indigestible food matter, and to process waste material in preparation for its elimination from the body.

==Clinical significance==

Diseases of the colon that specifically affect the transverse colon are relatively rare, but can include [[colorectal cancer]], [[diverticulosis]], and [[inflammatory bowel disease]] such as [[ulcerative colitis]] or [[Crohn's disease]].

==See also==

* [[Ascending colon]]
* [[Descending colon]]
* [[Sigmoid colon]]
* [[Cecum]]
* [[Appendix (anatomy)|Appendix]]

==References==

<references />

[[Category:Digestive system]]
[[Category:Abdomen]]
[[Category:Colon (anatomy)]]

{{Digestive system}}
{{Anatomy-stub}}