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	[[Category:Iron metabolism]]		[[Category:Iron metabolism]]
	[[Category:Blood proteins]]		[[Category:Blood proteins]]
			<gallery>
			File:PDB_1suv_EBI.jpg\|Transferrin structure 1
			File:PDB_2nsu_EBI.jpg\|Transferrin structure 2
			File:Blood_values_sorted_by_mass_and_molar_concentration.png\|Blood values sorted by mass and molar concentration
			</gallery>

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	~~'''Transferrin''' is a [[~~glycoprotein]] that ~~controls the level of free [[~~iron]] in ~~biological fluids. It binds iron very tightly but reversibly. Although iron bound to transferrin is less than 0.1% (4 mg) of the total body iron, it is the most important iron pool, with~~ the highest rate of turnover (25 mg/24 h). Transferrin has a molecular weight of around 80 KDa and contains two specific high-affinity iron (Fe3+) binding sites. The affinity of transferrin for Fe3+ is extremely high but decreases progressively with decreasing pH below neutrality.		{{Short description\|A glycoprotein that binds and transports iron in the blood}}
			{{Use dmy dates\|date=October 2023}}

	~~== Function ==~~		'''Transferrin''' is a [[glycoprotein]] that binds and transports [[iron]] ions in the blood. It is primarily synthesized in the [[liver]] and plays a crucial role in the regulation of iron absorption and distribution in the body.
	~~When not bound to iron, transferrin~~ is ~~known as "apotransferrin" (see~~ [[~~Apoenzyme~~]]). ~~Transferrin~~ is synthesized in the liver and ~~consists of~~ a ~~polypeptide chain containing 679 amino acids. It is a glycoprotein that binds iron very tightly but reversibly. Transferrin is responsible for~~ the ~~transport~~ of iron ~~from sites of~~ absorption and ~~heme degradation to those of storage and utilization~~.

	== ~~Clinical significance~~ ==		==Structure==
	~~Serum transferrin levels are tested for in~~ a ~~number~~ of ~~clinical scenarios~~. ~~Transferrin is used as a means~~ of ~~transporting~~ iron ~~in the blood plasma~~. The ~~transferrin~~ protein is ~~coded by the TF gene~~.		Transferrin is a single-chain glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 80 kDa. It consists of two lobes, each capable of binding one iron ion. The protein undergoes a conformational change upon iron binding, which is essential for its function in iron transport.

	== ~~See~~ also ==		[[File:PDB_1suv_EBI.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Structure of transferrin with bound iron ion.]]

			==Function==
			The primary function of transferrin is to transport iron from sites of absorption and storage to sites of utilization. Iron is absorbed in the [[duodenum]] and binds to transferrin in the plasma. Transferrin then delivers iron to cells by binding to transferrin receptors on the cell surface, facilitating iron uptake through receptor-mediated endocytosis.

			==Iron Homeostasis==
			Transferrin plays a critical role in maintaining iron homeostasis. It regulates the level of free iron in the blood, preventing iron-mediated oxidative damage. The transferrin saturation level is an important clinical marker for assessing iron status in the body.

			[[File:Blood_values_sorted_by_mass_and_molar_concentration.png\|thumb\|right\|Blood values sorted by mass and molar concentration, including transferrin.]]

			==Clinical Significance==
			Abnormal levels of transferrin can indicate various medical conditions. Low transferrin levels may be associated with [[iron deficiency anemia]], while high levels can be indicative of [[iron overload disorders]] such as [[hemochromatosis]]. Transferrin levels are also used to calculate the transferrin saturation index, which helps in diagnosing iron-related disorders.

			==Research and Applications==
			Transferrin is used in various research applications, including studies on iron metabolism and drug delivery systems. Its ability to bind and transport iron makes it a target for therapeutic interventions in diseases related to iron metabolism.

			[[File:PDB_2nsu_EBI.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Another view of the transferrin structure.]]

			==Related pages==
	* [[Iron metabolism]]		* [[Iron metabolism]]
	* [[~~Transferrin saturation~~]]		* [[Hemochromatosis]]
			* [[Anemia]]
	* [[Transferrin receptor]]		* [[Transferrin receptor]]

	== References ==		==References==
	~~<references />~~		* Aisen, P., Enns, C., & Wessling-Resnick, M. (2001). Chemistry and biology of eukaryotic iron metabolism. ''International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology'', 33(10), 940-959.
			* Hentze, M. W., Muckenthaler, M. U., & Andrews, N. C. (2004). Balancing acts: molecular control of mammalian iron metabolism. ''Cell'', 117(3), 285-297.

	[[Category:~~Blood~~]]		[[Category:Proteins]]
	[[Category:Iron metabolism]]		[[Category:Iron metabolism]]
	[[Category:~~Proteins~~]]		[[Category:Blood proteins]]
	~~[[Category:Glycoproteins]]~~

	~~{{stub}}~~

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New page

'''Transferrin''' is a [[glycoprotein]] that controls the level of free [[iron]] in biological fluids. It binds iron very tightly but reversibly. Although iron bound to transferrin is less than 0.1% (4 mg) of the total body iron, it is the most important iron pool, with the highest rate of turnover (25 mg/24 h). Transferrin has a molecular weight of around 80 KDa and contains two specific high-affinity iron (Fe3+) binding sites. The affinity of transferrin for Fe3+ is extremely high but decreases progressively with decreasing pH below neutrality.

== Function ==
When not bound to iron, transferrin is known as "apotransferrin" (see [[Apoenzyme]]). Transferrin is synthesized in the liver and consists of a polypeptide chain containing 679 amino acids. It is a glycoprotein that binds iron very tightly but reversibly. Transferrin is responsible for the transport of iron from sites of absorption and heme degradation to those of storage and utilization.

== Clinical significance ==
Serum transferrin levels are tested for in a number of clinical scenarios. Transferrin is used as a means of transporting iron in the blood plasma. The transferrin protein is coded by the TF gene.

== See also ==
* [[Iron metabolism]]
* [[Transferrin saturation]]
* [[Transferrin receptor]]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Blood]]
[[Category:Iron metabolism]]
[[Category:Proteins]]
[[Category:Glycoproteins]]

{{stub}}

Transferrin - Revision history

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