Toxicodendron diversilobum - Revision history

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	~~==Toxicodendron diversilobum==~~		{{Short description\|Species of flowering plant in the sumac family, Anacardiaceae}}

	[[File:PoisonOak_wb_biggerLeaves.jpg\|thumb\|Leaves of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'']]		[[File:PoisonOak_wb_biggerLeaves.jpg\|thumb\|Leaves of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'']]
	~~[[File:Toxicodendron_diversilobum_foliage_at_Samuel_P._Taylor_State_Park.jpg\|thumb\|Foliage at Samuel P. Taylor State Park]]~~

	'''''Toxicodendron diversilobum''''', commonly known as '''Pacific poison oak''', is a plant native to western North America~~. It~~ is a ~~member~~ of ~~the [[Anacardiaceae]] family~~ and is known for causing contact dermatitis in humans.		'''''Toxicodendron diversilobum''''', commonly known as '''Pacific poison oak''', is a plant species in the [[Anacardiaceae]] family. It is native to western North America, where it is found in a variety of habitats, including forests, woodlands, and grasslands. The plant is well-known for causing contact dermatitis in humans due to the presence of urushiol, an oily compound found in its leaves, stems, and roots.

	==Description==		==Description==
	''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' is a deciduous shrub or vine that can grow up to 3 meters tall as a shrub ~~and~~ up to 30 meters ~~long~~ as a vine. The leaves are typically ~~divided into~~ three leaflets, ~~which~~ can vary ~~in size and shape~~. The ~~plant is known for its ability to change color with the seasons, displaying~~ green ~~leaves in spring and summer~~, ~~and vibrant~~ red or orange ~~hues~~ in the fall.		''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' is a deciduous shrub or vine that can grow up to 3 meters (10 feet) tall as a shrub or climb up to 30 meters (100 feet) as a vine. The leaves are alternate and compound, typically with three leaflets, although the number can vary. The leaflets are glossy green, turning red or orange in the fall.

	~~==Habitat==~~		[[File:Toxicodendron_diversilobum_foliage_at_Samuel_P._Taylor_State_Park.jpg\|thumb\|left\|Foliage at Samuel P. Taylor State Park]]
	[[File:~~Poison_ivy_contact_dermatitis~~.jpg\|thumb\|~~Contact dermatitis caused by ''Toxicodendron diversilobum''~~]]
	''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' is found in a variety of ~~habitats~~, including woodlands~~, grasslands~~, and chaparral~~. It thrives in areas with well-drained soil and can often be found along trails and roadsides~~. The plant is ~~widespread in California~~ and ~~extends into Oregon, Washington,~~ and ~~British Columbia~~.		The plant produces small, greenish-white flowers in the spring, which are followed by small, white or tan berries. The berries are an important food source for birds and other wildlife.

			==Habitat and Distribution==
			''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' is found along the Pacific Coast of North America, from southern British Columbia to Baja California. It thrives in a variety of environments, including coastal bluffs, open woodlands, and chaparral. The plant is adaptable to different soil types and can tolerate both sun and shade.

	==Toxicity==		==Toxicity==
	The ~~plant contains an oil called [[~~urushiol]], ~~which is responsible for the~~ allergic reaction ~~known as contact dermatitis~~. ~~Urushiol~~ can ~~cause~~ itching~~, redness~~, and blistering ~~of the skin upon contact~~. The severity of the reaction ~~can vary depending on individual sensitivity and the amount of exposure~~.		The primary irritant in ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' is urushiol, a compound that can cause an allergic reaction in many people. Contact with the plant can result in a rash, itching, and blistering. The severity of the reaction varies among individuals.

			[[File:Poison_ivy_contact_dermatitis.jpg\|thumb\|Contact dermatitis caused by ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'']]

	==Ecological Role==		==Ecological Role==
			Despite its reputation as a nuisance to humans, ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' plays an important role in its ecosystem. The plant provides food and habitat for a variety of animals. Birds, such as the California towhee and the American robin, eat the berries, while deer and other mammals browse the leaves.

			==Cultural Significance==
			Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest have historically used ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' for various purposes, including as a dye and in basketry. However, they were also aware of its toxic properties and took care to avoid contact with the plant.

			==Management and Control==
			Controlling ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' in areas where it is not desired can be challenging. Mechanical removal, such as pulling or cutting, is often used, but care must be taken to avoid skin contact. Herbicides can also be effective, but they must be used with caution to avoid harming non-target plants.

	[[File:PoisonOakRedPhase.jpg\|thumb\|''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' in its red phase]]		[[File:PoisonOakRedPhase.jpg\|thumb\|''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' in its red phase]]
	Despite its reputation as a nuisance to humans, ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' plays an important role in its ecosystem. It provides food and habitat for various wildlife species. Birds and small mammals consume the berries, while deer and other herbivores browse the leaves.

	==~~Management~~==		==Related Pages==
	~~Controlling~~ ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' can be challenging due to its vigorous growth and ability to resprout from roots. Mechanical removal, such as cutting or mowing, can be effective but may require repeated efforts. Chemical herbicides can also be used, but care must be taken to avoid harming non-target plants.		* [[Toxicodendron]]
			* [[Urushiol]]
			* [[Contact dermatitis]]
			* [[Anacardiaceae]]

			[[File:Poison-oak-flowering.jpg\|thumb\|''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' flowering]]

	==Gallery==		==Gallery==
	<gallery>		<gallery>
	~~File:Poison-oak-flowering.jpg\|''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' flowering~~
	File:Toxicodendron_diversilobum_berries.jpg\|Berries of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum''		File:Toxicodendron_diversilobum_berries.jpg\|Berries of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum''
	File:Pacific-Poison-Oak.jpg\|Pacific poison oak		File:Pacific-Poison-Oak.jpg\|Pacific poison oak
	File:PoisonOak_wb_smallerLeaves.jpg\|Smaller leaves of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum''		File:PoisonOak_wb_smallerLeaves.jpg\|Smaller leaves of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum''
	~~File:ClimbingPoisonOak.jpg\|Climbing form of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum''~~
	</gallery>		</gallery>

	~~==Related pages==~~		{{Taxonbar\|from=Q157348}}
	* [[Toxicodendron radicans]]
	* [[Toxicodendron vernix]]
	* [[Contact dermatitis]]

	~~==References==~~
	{{~~Reflist~~}}

	[[Category:Anacardiaceae]]		[[Category:Anacardiaceae]]
			[[Category:Flora of the Western United States]]
	[[Category:Flora of California]]		[[Category:Flora of California]]
	[[Category:~~Flora of the Western United States~~]]		[[Category:Plants described in 1838]]
	~~== Toxicodendron diversilobum ==~~
	~~<gallery>~~
	~~File:PoisonOak_wb_biggerLeaves.jpg\|Toxicodendron diversilobum~~
	~~File:Toxicodendron_diversilobum_foliage_at_Samuel_P._Taylor_State_Park.jpg\|Foliage at Samuel P. Taylor State Park~~
	~~File:Poison_ivy_contact_dermatitis.jpg\|Poison ivy contact dermatitis~~
	~~File:PoisonOakRedPhase.jpg\|Red phase of Toxicodendron diversilobum~~
	~~File:Poison-oak-flowering.jpg\|Flowering Toxicodendron diversilobum~~
	~~File:Toxicodendron_diversilobum_berries.jpg\|Berries of Toxicodendron diversilobum~~
	~~File:Pacific-Poison-Oak.jpg\|Pacific Poison Oak~~
	~~File:PoisonOak_wb_smallerLeaves.jpg\|Toxicodendron diversilobum~~
	~~File:ClimbingPoisonOak.jpg\|Climbing form of Toxicodendron diversilobum~~
	~~</gallery>~~

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	[[Category:Flora of California]]		[[Category:Flora of California]]
	[[Category:Flora of the Western United States]]		[[Category:Flora of the Western United States]]
			== Toxicodendron diversilobum ==
			<gallery>
			File:PoisonOak_wb_biggerLeaves.jpg\|Toxicodendron diversilobum
			File:Toxicodendron_diversilobum_foliage_at_Samuel_P._Taylor_State_Park.jpg\|Foliage at Samuel P. Taylor State Park
			File:Poison_ivy_contact_dermatitis.jpg\|Poison ivy contact dermatitis
			File:PoisonOakRedPhase.jpg\|Red phase of Toxicodendron diversilobum
			File:Poison-oak-flowering.jpg\|Flowering Toxicodendron diversilobum
			File:Toxicodendron_diversilobum_berries.jpg\|Berries of Toxicodendron diversilobum
			File:Pacific-Poison-Oak.jpg\|Pacific Poison Oak
			File:PoisonOak_wb_smallerLeaves.jpg\|Toxicodendron diversilobum
			File:ClimbingPoisonOak.jpg\|Climbing form of Toxicodendron diversilobum
			</gallery>

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← Older revision		Revision as of 00:44, 10 February 2025
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	~~'''~~Toxicodendron diversilobum''', also known as [[Pacific poison oak]], is a woody vine or shrub in the [[Anacardiaceae]] family. It is native to the western region of [[North America]], where it is widespread and commonly found in a variety of habitats.		==Toxicodendron diversilobum==

	~~== Description ==~~		[[File:PoisonOak_wb_biggerLeaves.jpg\|thumb\|Leaves of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'']]
	''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' ~~is a deciduous plant that can grow as a dense shrub up to 3 meters tall, or as a vine that climbs on other vegetation or structures. The leaves are divided into three leaflets, each 3~~.~~5 to 10 cm long, with the central leaflet on a longer stalk. The leaflets are usually lobed, giving the species its name "diversilobum", meaning "diverse lobes"~~. ~~The leaves turn bright red in autumn before falling off~~.		[[File:Toxicodendron_diversilobum_foliage_at_Samuel_P._Taylor_State_Park.jpg\|thumb\|Foliage at Samuel P. Taylor State Park]]

	~~== Distribution and habitat ==~~		'''''Toxicodendron diversilobum''''', commonly known as '''Pacific poison oak''', is a plant native to western North America. It is a member of the [[Anacardiaceae]] family and is known for causing contact dermatitis in humans.
	''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' is native to ~~the~~ western ~~regions of~~ North America~~, from~~ [[~~British Columbia]~~] ~~to [[Baja California~~]], and ~~eastward to [[Nevada]]. It~~ is ~~found~~ in ~~a wide range of habitats, from sea level to mountainous regions, and from open fields to dense forests~~.

	== ~~Toxicity~~ ==		==Description==
	~~Like other members of the genus~~ ''[[Toxicodendron~~]]'', ''T.~~ diversilobum'' ~~contains [[urushiol]],~~ a ~~clear liquid compound found within the sap of the plant~~ that ~~causes an allergic reaction in most people who touch it. This reaction~~ can ~~range from~~ a ~~mild rash~~ to ~~severe dermatitis~~. The plant is ~~most toxic~~ in spring and ~~early~~ summer ~~when~~ the ~~sap is most abundant~~.		''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' is a deciduous shrub or vine that can grow up to 3 meters tall as a shrub and up to 30 meters long as a vine. The leaves are typically divided into three leaflets, which can vary in size and shape. The plant is known for its ability to change color with the seasons, displaying green leaves in spring and summer, and vibrant red or orange hues in the fall.

	== ~~Ecology~~ ==		==Habitat==
	''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' ~~plays a significant role~~ in ~~its ecosystem. It provides food and habitat for~~ a variety of ~~wildlife species~~, including ~~several species of birds~~ and ~~mammals~~. ~~Despite its toxicity to humans~~, ~~some animals~~, ~~such as deer~~ and ~~goats, are able to eat the leaves without apparent harm~~.		[[File:Poison_ivy_contact_dermatitis.jpg\|thumb\|Contact dermatitis caused by ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'']]
			''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' is found in a variety of habitats, including woodlands, grasslands, and chaparral. It thrives in areas with well-drained soil and can often be found along trails and roadsides. The plant is widespread in California and extends into Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia.

	== ~~See also~~ ==		==Toxicity==
	* [[~~Toxicodendron radicans~~]] ~~(Eastern poison ivy)~~		The plant contains an oil called [[urushiol]], which is responsible for the allergic reaction known as contact dermatitis. Urushiol can cause itching, redness, and blistering of the skin upon contact. The severity of the reaction can vary depending on individual sensitivity and the amount of exposure.
	* [[Toxicodendron rydbergii]] (Western poison ivy)
	* [[Toxicodendron vernix]] (Poison sumac)

	== ~~References~~ ==		==Ecological Role==
	<~~references~~ />		[[File:PoisonOakRedPhase.jpg\|thumb\|''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' in its red phase]]
			Despite its reputation as a nuisance to humans, ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' plays an important role in its ecosystem. It provides food and habitat for various wildlife species. Birds and small mammals consume the berries, while deer and other herbivores browse the leaves.

			==Management==
			Controlling ''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' can be challenging due to its vigorous growth and ability to resprout from roots. Mechanical removal, such as cutting or mowing, can be effective but may require repeated efforts. Chemical herbicides can also be used, but care must be taken to avoid harming non-target plants.

			==Gallery==
			<gallery>
			File:Poison-oak-flowering.jpg\|''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' flowering
			File:Toxicodendron_diversilobum_berries.jpg\|Berries of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum''
			File:Pacific-Poison-Oak.jpg\|Pacific poison oak
			File:PoisonOak_wb_smallerLeaves.jpg\|Smaller leaves of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum''
			File:ClimbingPoisonOak.jpg\|Climbing form of ''Toxicodendron diversilobum''
			</gallery>

			==Related pages==
			* [[Toxicodendron radicans]]
			* [[Toxicodendron vernix]]
			* [[Contact dermatitis]]

			==References==
			{{Reflist}}

	~~[[Category:Flora of North America]]~~
	~~[[Category:Toxic plants]]~~
	[[Category:Anacardiaceae]]		[[Category:Anacardiaceae]]
	~~{{Anacardiaceae-stub}}~~		[[Category:Flora of California]]
			[[Category:Flora of the Western United States]]

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'''Toxicodendron diversilobum''', also known as [[Pacific poison oak]], is a woody vine or shrub in the [[Anacardiaceae]] family. It is native to the western region of [[North America]], where it is widespread and commonly found in a variety of habitats.

== Description ==
''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' is a deciduous plant that can grow as a dense shrub up to 3 meters tall, or as a vine that climbs on other vegetation or structures. The leaves are divided into three leaflets, each 3.5 to 10 cm long, with the central leaflet on a longer stalk. The leaflets are usually lobed, giving the species its name "diversilobum", meaning "diverse lobes". The leaves turn bright red in autumn before falling off.

== Distribution and habitat ==
''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' is native to the western regions of North America, from [[British Columbia]] to [[Baja California]], and eastward to [[Nevada]]. It is found in a wide range of habitats, from sea level to mountainous regions, and from open fields to dense forests.

== Toxicity ==
Like other members of the genus ''[[Toxicodendron]]'', ''T. diversilobum'' contains [[urushiol]], a clear liquid compound found within the sap of the plant that causes an allergic reaction in most people who touch it. This reaction can range from a mild rash to severe dermatitis. The plant is most toxic in spring and early summer when the sap is most abundant.

== Ecology ==
''Toxicodendron diversilobum'' plays a significant role in its ecosystem. It provides food and habitat for a variety of wildlife species, including several species of birds and mammals. Despite its toxicity to humans, some animals, such as deer and goats, are able to eat the leaves without apparent harm.

== See also ==
* [[Toxicodendron radicans]] (Eastern poison ivy)
* [[Toxicodendron rydbergii]] (Western poison ivy)
* [[Toxicodendron vernix]] (Poison sumac)

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Flora of North America]]
[[Category:Toxic plants]]
[[Category:Anacardiaceae]]
{{Anacardiaceae-stub}}