Torrey pine - Revision history

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	[[Category:Trees of Mediterranean climate]]		[[Category:Trees of Mediterranean climate]]
	[[Category:Endemic flora of California]]		[[Category:Endemic flora of California]]
			<gallery>
			File:Torrey_Pine_at_Santa_Rosa_Island.jpg\|Torrey Pine at Santa Rosa Island
			File:Pinus_torreyana_at_State_Reserve.jpg\|Pinus torreyana at State Reserve
			File:Pinus_torreyana_insularis_tree.jpg\|Pinus torreyana insularis tree
			File:Torrey_Pine_Cones.jpg\|Torrey Pine Cones
			File:Torrey_Pine_Grove.jpg\|Torrey Pine Grove
			File:111101_LPL_both_strobili_end_AUT_025.jpg\|Torrey pine
			File:Torrey_Pine_Bark_Mature.jpg\|Torrey Pine Bark Mature
			</gallery>

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	'''Torrey ~~Pine~~''' ([[Pinus torreyana]]) is a rare ~~and endangered~~ species of pine tree native to the coastal areas of ~~southern [[~~California~~]] and on [[Santa Rosa Island]]~~. It is the rarest pine species in the United States and is ~~an important part of~~ the [[~~chaparral~~]] and [[~~woodlands~~]] ~~ecoregion~~.		== Torrey Pine ==

			[[File:Torrey_Pine_at_Santa_Rosa_Island.jpg\|thumb\|Torrey Pine on Santa Rosa Island]]
			[[File:Pinus_torreyana_at_State_Reserve.jpg\|thumb\|Pinus torreyana at Torrey Pines State Reserve]]

			The '''Torrey pine''' (''Pinus torreyana'') is a rare species of pine tree native to the coastal areas of Southern California. It is considered one of the rarest pine species in the United States and is found in only two locations: the coastal strip in [[San Diego County]] and on [[Santa Rosa Island]] in the [[Channel Islands]].

	== Description ==		== Description ==
	The Torrey Pine grows to a height of 8–15 meters (26–49 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 meters (4.9 ft). The bark is thick and furrowed. The leaves are needle-like, in bundles of five, and are 20–30 cm (7.9–11.8 in) long. The cones are ovoid, 10–15 cm (3.9–5.9 in) long, and have scales with a sharp spine at the apex.

	== ~~Distribution and habitat~~ ==		[[File:Pinus_torreyana_insularis_tree.jpg\|thumb\|Pinus torreyana insularis tree]]
	The Torrey ~~Pine~~ is ~~endemic~~ to the coastal ~~sage~~ and ~~chaparral ecoregion in southern California, where it is found in~~ a ~~few small, isolated populations~~. The largest population is in [[Torrey Pines State Natural Reserve]] in [[San Diego]]. ~~A smaller~~ population ~~exists~~ on Santa Rosa Island, ~~part of~~ the ~~[[Channel Islands of California]]. The tree grows in sandy soil, often in~~ the ~~company of coastal sage scrub vegetation~~.		The Torrey pine is a broad, open-crowned tree that can grow up to 15 meters (49 feet) tall. It has long, slender needles grouped in bundles of five, which are a distinctive feature of the species. The bark is thick and deeply furrowed, providing protection against fire and other environmental stresses.

			== Habitat ==

			The natural habitat of the Torrey pine is limited to the coastal areas with sandy soils and a Mediterranean climate. The largest population is found in the [[Torrey Pines State Natural Reserve]] in San Diego, where the trees grow on cliffs overlooking the Pacific Ocean. The second population is located on Santa Rosa Island, where the trees have adapted to the island's unique conditions.

	== Conservation ==		== Conservation ==
	The Torrey Pine is classified as endangered by the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] (IUCN). The main threats to the species are urban development, fire, and climate change. Conservation efforts include habitat protection and restoration, as well as ex situ conservation in botanical gardens.

	== ~~Uses~~ ==		[[File:Torrey_Pine_Cones.jpg\|thumb\|Torrey Pine cones]]
	The ~~wood of the~~ Torrey ~~Pine is used~~ for ~~construction and carpentry~~. ~~The~~ seeds are ~~edible and were used as a~~ food source ~~by the indigenous [[Kumeyaay]] people of southern California~~.		Due to its limited distribution, the Torrey pine is classified as a vulnerable species. Conservation efforts are focused on protecting its natural habitat from urban development and other threats. The Torrey Pines State Natural Reserve is a protected area that provides a sanctuary for the species, allowing it to thrive in its natural environment.

			== Ecology ==

			The Torrey pine plays a crucial role in its ecosystem, providing habitat and food for various wildlife species. Its seeds are an important food source for birds and small mammals. The tree's ability to withstand harsh coastal conditions makes it an important species for stabilizing sand dunes and preventing erosion.

	== ~~See also~~ ==		== Related pages ==
	* [[~~List of~~ California ~~native plants~~]]		* [[Pinus]]
	* [[~~List of endangered species~~]]		* [[Channel Islands (California)]]
			* [[San Diego County]]

			[[Category:Flora of California]]
	[[Category:Pinus]]		[[Category:Pinus]]
	[[Category:Trees of ~~California~~]]		[[Category:Trees of Mediterranean climate]]
	[[Category:~~Endangered~~ flora of California]]		[[Category:Endemic flora of California]]
	~~{{Endangered-species-stub}}~~
	~~{{Tree-stub}}~~

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2024-03-04T23:16:35Z

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'''Torrey Pine''' ([[Pinus torreyana]]) is a rare and endangered species of pine tree native to the coastal areas of southern [[California]] and on [[Santa Rosa Island]]. It is the rarest pine species in the United States and is an important part of the [[chaparral]] and [[woodlands]] ecoregion.

== Description ==
The Torrey Pine grows to a height of 8–15 meters (26–49 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 meters (4.9 ft). The bark is thick and furrowed. The leaves are needle-like, in bundles of five, and are 20–30 cm (7.9–11.8 in) long. The cones are ovoid, 10–15 cm (3.9–5.9 in) long, and have scales with a sharp spine at the apex.

== Distribution and habitat ==
The Torrey Pine is endemic to the coastal sage and chaparral ecoregion in southern California, where it is found in a few small, isolated populations. The largest population is in [[Torrey Pines State Natural Reserve]] in [[San Diego]]. A smaller population exists on Santa Rosa Island, part of the [[Channel Islands of California]]. The tree grows in sandy soil, often in the company of coastal sage scrub vegetation.

== Conservation ==
The Torrey Pine is classified as endangered by the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] (IUCN). The main threats to the species are urban development, fire, and climate change. Conservation efforts include habitat protection and restoration, as well as ex situ conservation in botanical gardens.

== Uses ==
The wood of the Torrey Pine is used for construction and carpentry. The seeds are edible and were used as a food source by the indigenous [[Kumeyaay]] people of southern California.

== See also ==
* [[List of California native plants]]
* [[List of endangered species]]

[[Category:Pinus]]
[[Category:Trees of California]]
[[Category:Endangered flora of California]]
{{Endangered-species-stub}}
{{Tree-stub}}